Cited by 3,213Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsSoil Geostatistics and MappingSoil and Environmental Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world

BATJES, N.H.·1996·European Journal of Soil Science

DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01386.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Summary The soil is important in sequestering atmospheric CO 2 and in emitting trace gases (e.g. CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O) that are radiatively active and enhance the ‘greenhouse’ effect. Land use changes and predicted global warming, through their effects on net primary productivity, the plant community and soil conditions, may have important effects on the size of the organic matter pool in the soil and directly affect the atmospheric concentration of these trace gases. A discrepancy of approximately 350 × 10 15 g (or Pg) of C in two recent estimates of soil carbon reserves worldwide is evaluated using the geo‐referenced database developed for the World Inventory of Soil Emission Potentials (WISE) project. This database holds 4353 soil profiles distributed globally which are considered to represent the soil units shown on a 1 / 2 ° latitude by 1 / 2 ° longitude version of the corrected and digitized 1:5 M FAO–UNESCO Soil Map of the World. Total soil carbon pools for the entire land area of the world, excluding carbon held in the litter layer and charcoal, amounts to 2157–2293 Pg of C in the upper 100 cm. Soil organic carbon is estimated to be 684–724 Pg of C in the upper 30 cm, 1462–1548 Pg of C in the upper 100 cm, and 2376–2456 Pg of C in the upper 200 cm. Although deforestation, changes in land use and predicted climate change can alter the amount of organic carbon held in the superficial soil layers rapidly, this is less so for the soil carbonate carbon. An estimated 695–748 Pg of carbonate‐C is held in the upper 100 cm of the world's soils. Mean C: N ratios of soil organic matter range from 9.9 for arid Yermosols to 25.8 for Histosols. Global amounts of soil nitrogen are estimated to be 133–140 Pg of N for the upper 100 cm. Possible changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics caused by increased concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 and the predicted associated rise in temperature are discussed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01386.x

Cites

35 of 35 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Soil taxonomy—a basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys
Nachtergaele, F. (2001) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(00)00097-5 · Cited by 5,448
Soil carbon pools and world life zones
Post, W., Emanuel, W., Zinke, P., & Stangenberger, A. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/298156a0 · Cited by 2,332
Climate change 1992 : the supplementary report to the IPCC scientific assessment
Houghton, J. T., Callander, B. A., & Varney, S. (1992) · Cited by 1,990
Terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle
SCHIMEL, D. S. (1995) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00008.x · Cited by 1,567
Organic Carbon in Soils of the World
Eswaran, H., van den Berg, E., & Reich, P. F. (1993) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700010034x · Cited by 1,449
Litter decomposition, climate and liter quality
Coûteaux, M., Bottner, P., & Berg, B. (1995) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(00)88978-8 · Cited by 1,132
Carbon Balance in Terrestrial Detritus
Schlesinger, W. H. (1977) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.08.110177.000411 · Cited by 1,009
Soils and the greenhouse effect
Stanhill, G. (1991) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/0167-8809(91)90026-t · Cited by 907
Changes in Land Use and Land Cover: A Global Perspective.
Newman, J. A., Meyer, W. B., & Turner, B. L. (1995) · Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club · doi:10.2307/2996094 · Cited by 621
Carbon storage by introduced deep-rooted grasses in the South American savannas
Fisher, M. J., Rao, I. M., Ayarza, M. A., Lascano, C. E., Sanz, J. I., Thomas, R. J., & Vera, R. R. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/371236a0 · Cited by 604

Show all 35 references

Research works printed but not linked: 22

Arnold R.W., 1990, Global Soil Change
Batjes N.H., 1992, A Review of Soil Factors and Processes that Control Fluxes of Heat, Moisture and Greenhouse Gases, 97
Bouma J., 1987, Quantified Land Evaluation, 106
Buringh P., 1984, The Role of Terrestrial Vegetation in the Global Carbon Cycle. Measurements by Remote Sensing, 91
Davidson E.A., 1994, Soil Response to Climate Change, 156
FAO, 1989, FAO‐ISRIC Soil Database (SDB)
FAO, 1991, The Digitized Soil Map of the World
FAO‐ISRIC, 1990, Guidelines for Soil Description
FAO‐UNESCO, 1974, Soil Map of the World (1 : 5000 000), Vol. 1: Legend
FAO‐UNESCO, 1971, Soil Map of the World (1 : 5000 000)
IPCC, 1990, Climate Change
Mizota C., 1989, Clay Mineralogy and Chemistry of Soils Formed under Volcanic Material in Diverse Climatic Regions
Overdieck D., 1990, The Greenhouse Effect and Primary Productivity in European Agro‐Ecosystems, 31
Sjörs H., 1980, Peat on Earth: multiple use of conservation, Ambio, 9, 303
Sombroek W.G., 1990, Soils and the Greenhouse Effect, 225
Sombroek W.G., 1993, Amounts, dynamics and sequestrations of carbon in tropical and subtropical soils, Ambio, 22, 417
Tarnocai C., 1994, Amount of organic carbon in Canadian soils, Transactions of the 15th World Congress of Soil Science, 6, 67
USDA, 1984, Methods and Procedures for Collecting Soil Samples and Methods of Analysis for Soil Survey
USDA, 1993, Soil Survey Manual
Breemen N., 1990, Soils and the Greenhouse Effect, 195
Van deVen T.&Tempel P.1994.ISIS 4.0–ISRIC Soil Information System: User Manual. Technical Paper 15. Revised Edition. International Soil Reference and Information Centre Wageningen.
Vogel A.W.1994.Compatibility of soil analytical data: determinations of cation exchange capacity organic carbon soil reaction bulk density and volume percent of water at selected pF values by different methods. Working Paper and Preprint 94/07 ISRIC Wageningen.

Sorted by citations

Items 601–700 of 1,004

National Scale Analysis of Soil Organic Carbon Storage in China Based on Chinese Soil Taxonomy
Yu, D., Shi, X., Wang, H., Sun, W., Warner, E. D., & Liu, Q. (2007) · Pedosphere · doi:10.1016/s1002-0160(07)60002-2 · Cited by 84
Stone and gravel contents of arable soils influence estimates of C and N stocks
Rytter, R.-M. (2012) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2012.02.015 · Cited by 84
Organic carbon stocks in New Zealand's terrestrial ecosystems
TATE, K. R., Giltrap, D. J., Claydon, J. J., Newsome, P., Atkinson, I. A. E., Taylor, M., & Lee, R. (1997) · Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · doi:10.1080/03014223.1997.9517541 · Cited by 84
Extreme effects of drought on composition of the soil bacterial community and decomposition of plant tissue
Tóth, Z., Táncsics, A., Kriszt, B., Kröel‐Dulay, G., Ónodi, G., & Hornung, E. (2017) · European Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1111/ejss.12429 · Cited by 86
Soil carbon sequestration potential in global croplands
Padarian, J., Minasny, B., McBratney, A. B., & Smith, P. (2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.13740 · Cited by 86
XANES Spectroscopy Studies of Cr(VI) Reduction by Thiols in Organosulfur Compounds and Humic Substances
Szulczewski, M. D., Helmke, P. A., & Bleam, W. F. (2001) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es001301b · Cited by 83
Soil organic carbon stocks of conifers, broadleaf and evergreen broadleaf forests of Spain
Chiti, T., Díaz‐Pinés, E., & Rubio, A. (2012) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-012-0676-3 · Cited by 83
Impact of agricultural management practices on soil organic carbon: simulation of A ustralian wheat systems
Zhao, G., Bryan, B. A., King, D., Luo, Z., Wang, E., Song, X., & Yu, Q. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12145 · Cited by 83
Soil organic carbon along an altitudinal gradient in the Despeñaperros Natural Park, southern Spain
Parras‐Alcántara, L., Lozano‐García, B., & Galán-Espejo, A. (2015) · Solid Earth · doi:10.5194/se-6-125-2015 · Cited by 83
Organic matter formation in sandy subsurface horizons of Dutch coastal dunes in relation to soil acidification
Nierop, K. G. J., & Verstraten, J. M. (2003) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(02)00249-8 · Cited by 83
Sources of errors and uncertainties in the assessment of forest soil carbon stocks at different scales—review and recommendations
Vanguelova, E., Bonifacio, E., Vos, B. D., Hoosbeek, M. R., Berger, T. W., Vesterdal, L., Armolaitis, K., Celi, L., Dincă, L., Kjønaas, O. J., et al. (2016) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-016-5608-5 · Cited by 83
Combined effects of temperature and precipitation on soil organic carbon changes in the uplands of eastern China
Li-ming, Z., Zheng, Q., Liu, Y., Liu, S., Yu, D., Shi, X., Xing, S., Chen, H. Y. H., & Xieyu, F. (2018) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.026 · Cited by 82
Mineral-ions modified biochars enhance the stability of soil aggregate and soil carbon sequestration in a coastal wetland soil
Liu, S., Kong, F., Li, Y., Jiang, Z., Xi, M., & Wu, J. F. (2020) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2020.104618 · Cited by 84
Soil C:N:P stoichiometry in tropical forests on Hainan Island of China: Spatial and vertical variations
Hui, D., Yang, X., Deng, Q., Liu, Q., Wang, X., Yang, H., & Ren, H. (2021) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105228 · Cited by 82
Concentration and stock of carbon in the soils affected by land uses and climates in the western Himalaya, India
Singh, S. K., Pandey, C. B., Sidhu, G. S., Sarkar, D., & Sagar, R. (2011) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2011.05.008 · Cited by 82
Distribution and origin of suspended matter and organic carbon pools in the Tana River Basin, Kenya
Tamooh, F., den Meersche, K. V., Meysman, F. J. R., Marwick, T. R., Borges, A. V., Merckx, R., Dehairs, F., Schmidt, S., Nyunja, J., & Bouillon, S. (2012) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-9-2905-2012 · Cited by 82
Effects of long-term fertilization on calcium-associated soil organic carbon: Implications for C sequestration in agricultural soils
Wan, D., Ma, M., Peng, N., Luo, X., Chen, W., Cai, P., Wu, L., Pan, H., Chen, J., Yu, G., et al. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145037 · Cited by 82
Soil organic carbon dynamics from agricultural management practices under climate change
Herzfeld, T., Heinke, J., Rolinski, S., & Müller, C. (2021) · Earth System Dynamics · doi:10.5194/esd-12-1037-2021 · Cited by 92
Global pattern of organic carbon pools in forest soils
Zhang, Y., Guo, X., Chen, L., Kuzyakov, Y. V., Wang, R., Zhang, H., Han, X., Jiang, Y. X., & Sun, O. J. (2024) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.17386 · Cited by 83
N concentration controls decomposition rates of different strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi
Koide, R. T., & Malcolm, G. M. (2009) · Fungal ecology · doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2009.06.001 · Cited by 81
Modelled soil organic carbon stocks and changes in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India from 1980 to 2030
Bhattacharyya, T., Pal, D. K., Easter, M., Batjes, N. H., Milne, E., Gajbhiye, K. S., Chandran, P., Ray, S. K., Mandal̀, C., Paustian, K. H., et al. (2007) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.010 · Cited by 81
Self-citation
Mapping soil carbon stocks of Central Africa using SOTER
Batjes, N. H. (2008) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.006 · Cited by 81
Self-citation
Organic carbon stocks in topsoil and subsoil in long-term ley and cereal monoculture rotations
Börjesson, G., Bolinder, M. A., Kirchmann, H., & Kätterer, T. (2018) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-018-1281-x · Cited by 81
Mapping soil organic carbon on a national scale: Towards an improved and updated map of Madagascar
Ramifehiarivo, N., Brossard, M., Grinand, C., Andriamananjara, A., Razafimbelo, T., Rasolohery, A., Razafimahatratra, H., Seyler, F., Ranaivoson, N., Rabenarivo, M., et al. (2016) · Geoderma Regional · doi:10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.12.002 · Cited by 80
Depth trends of soil organic matter C:N and 15N natural abundance controlled by association with minerals
Kramer, M. G., Lajtha, K., & Aufdenkampe, A. K. (2017) · Biogeochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10533-017-0378-x · Cited by 86
Improving pedotransfer functions for predicting soil mineral associated organic carbon by ensemble machine learning
Xiao, Y., Xue, J., Zhang, X., Wang, N., Hong, Y., Jiang, Y., Zhou, Y., Teng, H., Hu, B., Lugato, E., et al. (2022) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116208 · Cited by 83
Mapping the distribution, trends, and drivers of soil organic carbon in China from 1982 to 2019
Yang, R., Huang, L., Zhang, X., Zhu, C., & Xu, L. (2022) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116232 · Cited by 81
Using Rock‐Eval 6 pyrolysis for tracking fossil organic carbon in modern environments: implications for the roles of erosion and weathering
Copard, Y., Giovanni, C. D., Martaud, T., Albéric, P., & Olivier, J.-E. (2006) · Earth Surface Processes and Landforms · doi:10.1002/esp.1319 · Cited by 80
Mapping organic carbon stocks in eucalyptus plantations of the central highlands of Madagascar: A multiple regression approach
Razakamanarivo, R. H., Grinand, C., Razafindrakoto, M. A., Bernoux, M., & Albrecht, A. (2011) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.03.006 · Cited by 80
Assessment of salt affected soils in India using GIS
Mandal, A. K., Sharma, R. C., & Singh, G. (2009) · Geocarto International · doi:10.1080/10106040902781002 · Cited by 80
Reduction of Cr(VI) by peat and coal humic substances
Zhilin, D. M., Schmitt‐Kopplin, P., & Perminova, I. V. (2004) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-004-0085-4 · Cited by 80
Investigating the role of moisture as an environmental constraint in the decomposition of shallow and deep mineral soil organic matter of a temperate coniferous soil
Gabriel, C.-E., & Kellman, L. (2013) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.10.009 · Cited by 83
Variation of soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry and biogeographic factors across the desert ecosystem of Hexi Corridor, northwestern China
Zhang, K., Su, Y., & Yang, R. (2018) · Journal of Soils and Sediments · doi:10.1007/s11368-018-2007-2 · Cited by 79
Factors shaping soil organic carbon stocks in grass covered orchards across China: A meta-analysis
Xiang, Y., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, S., Yue, X., Yao, B. W., Xue, J., Lv, W., Zhang, L., Xu, X., et al. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150632 · Cited by 79
Converting native shrub forests to Chinese chestnut plantations and subsequent intensive management affected soil C and N pools
Li, Y., Zhang, J., Chang, S. X., Jiang, P., Zhou, G., Shen, Z., Wu, J., Lin, L., Wang, Z., & Shen, M. (2013) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.008 · Cited by 79
‘Solid–fluid–gas’: the state of knowledge on carbon-sequestration potential of agroforestry systems in Africa
Nair, P. R., & Nair, V. D. (2013) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2013.07.014 · Cited by 79
Empirical estimates to reduce modeling uncertainties of soil organic carbon in permafrost regions: a review of recent progress and remaining challenges
Mishra, U., JASTROW, J. D., Matamala, R., Hugelius, G., Koven, C. D., Harden, J. W., Ping, C., Michaelson, G. J., Fan, Z., Miller, R. M., et al. (2013) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020 · Cited by 87
Spatial and temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon in landscapes of the upper Blue Nile Basin of the Ethiopian Highlands
Abegaz, A., Winowiecki, L. A., Vågen, T., Langan, S., & Smith, J. (2015) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.11.019 · Cited by 79
Estimation of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in different soil layers using VNIR spectroscopy: Effects of spiking on model applicability
Jiang, Q., Li, Q., Wang, X., Yu Qing, W. U., Yang, X., & Liu, F. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.01.030 · Cited by 79
Soil organic carbon fractions and sequestration across a 150-yr secondary forest chronosequence on the Loess Plateau, China
Zhao, Y., Liu, X., Wang, Z., & Zhao, S. (2015) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2015.05.028 · Cited by 80
The soil skeleton, a forgotten pool of carbon and nitrogen in soil
Corti, G., Ugolini, F. C., Agnelli, A., Certini, G., Cuniglio, R., Berna, F., & Fernández Sanjurjo, M. J. (2002) · European Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.2002.00442.x · Cited by 78
Effects of grazing and climate variability on grassland ecosystem functions in Inner Mongolia: Synthesis of a 6-year grazing experiment
Hoffmann, C., Giese, M., Dickhoefer, U., Wan, H., Bai, Y., Steffens, M., Liu, C., Butterbach‐Bahl, K., & Han, X. (2016) · Journal of Arid Environments · doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.08.003 · Cited by 78
Grassland degradation significantly enhances soil CO2 emission
Abdalla, K., Mutema, M., Chivenge, P. P., Everson, C. S., & Chaplot, V. A. M. (2018) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2018.05.010 · Cited by 78
Soil organic carbon and influencing factors in different landscapes in an arid region of northwestern China
Li, D., & Shao, M. (2014) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2013.12.014 · Cited by 78
Recovery of soil properties and functions in different rainforest restoration pathways
Paul, M., Catterall, C. P., Pollard, P., & Kanowski, J. (2010) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.02.019 · Cited by 78
Comparison of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon yields and fluxes in the watersheds of tropical volcanic islands, examples from Guadeloupe (French West Indies)
Lloret, E., Dessert, C., Gaillardet, J., Albéric, P., Crispi, O., Chaduteau, C., & Benedetti, M. F. (2010) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.10.016 · Cited by 78
Molecular-level methods for monitoring soil organic matter responses to global climate change
Feng, X., & Simpson, M. J. (2011) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/c0em00752h · Cited by 78
Greenhouse gas budget for terrestrial ecosystems in China
Cai, Z. C. (2012) · Science China Earth Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11430-011-4309-8 · Cited by 78
Changes in turnover rather than production regulate biomass of ectomycorrhizal fungal mycelium across a Pinus sylvestris chronosequence
Hagenbo, A., Clemmensen, K. E., Finlay, R. D., Kyaschenko, J., Lindahl, B. D., Fransson, P. M. A., & Ekblad, A. (2016) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.14379 · Cited by 78
Seasonal variations in the availability of labile substrate confound the temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition
Kirschbaum, M. U. F. (2012) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.012 · Cited by 77
Continental-scale patterns of extracellular enzyme activity in the subsoil: an overlooked reservoir of microbial activity
Dove, N. C., Arogyaswamy, K., Billings, S., Botthoff, J. K., Carey, C. J., Cisco, C., DeForest, J. L., Fairbanks, D., Fierer, N., Gallery, R. E., et al. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abb0b3 · Cited by 78
Investigating the spatio-temporal variability of soil organic carbon stocks in different ecosystems of China
Wang, S., Xu, L., Zhuang, Q., & He, N. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143644 · Cited by 77
Precise estimation of soil organic carbon stocks in the northeast Tibetan Plateau
Yang, R., Zhang, G., Yang, F., Zhi, J., Yang, F., Liu, F., Zhao, Y.-G., & Li, C. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep21842 · Cited by 77
Global soil–climate–biome diagram: linking surface soil properties to climate and biota
Zhao, X., Yang, Y., Shen, H., Geng, X., & Fang, J. (2019) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-16-2857-2019 · Cited by 77
Effects of Land Use and Topographic Position on Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks in Different Agro-Ecosystems of the Upper Blue Nile Basin
Abebe, G., Tsunekawa, A., Haregeweyn, N., Takeshi, T., Wondie, M., Adgo, E., Masunaga, T., Tsubo, M., Ebabu, K., Berihun, M. L., et al. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12062425 · Cited by 76
China's wetland soil organic carbon pool: New estimation on pool size, change, and trajectory
Ren, Y., Mao, D., Wang, Z., Yu, Z., Xu, X., Huang, Y., Xi, Y., Luo, L., Jia, M., Song, K., et al. (2023) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.16923 · Cited by 76
Spatial structures of soil organic carbon in tropical forests—A case study of Southeastern Tanzania
Rossi, J., Govaerts, A., Vos, B. D., Verbist, B., Vervoort, A., Poesen, J., Muys, B., & Deckers, J. (2009) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2008.12.003 · Cited by 76
Soil carbon 4 per mille: a good initiative but let's manage not only the soil but also the expectations
VRIES, W. D. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.05.023 · Cited by 76
Methods of evaluating soil bulk density: Impact on estimating large scale soil organic carbon storage
Xu, L., He, N., & Yu, G. (2016) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2016.05.001 · Cited by 75
Biomass and soil carbon along altitudinal gradients in temperate Cedrus deodara forests in Central Himalaya, India: Implications for climate change mitigation
Sheikh, M. A., Kumar, M., Todaria, N. P., & Pandey, R. (2020) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.106025 · Cited by 75
SoilKsatDB: global database of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements for geoscience applications
Gupta, S., Tomislav Hengl, A., Lehmann, P., Bonetti, S., & Or, D. (2021) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-13-1593-2021 · Cited by 75
Storage, Patterns and Controls of Soil Nitrogen in China
Yang, Y., Ma, W., Mohammat, A., & Fang, J. (2007) · Pedosphere · doi:10.1016/s1002-0160(07)60093-9 · Cited by 75
A pedotransfer function for estimating bulk density of forest soil in Japan affected by volcanic ash
Nanko, K., Ugawa, S., Hashimoto, S., Imaya, A., Kobayashi, M., Sakai, H., Ishizuka, S., Miura, S., Tanaka, N., Takahashi, M., et al. (2013) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.07.025 · Cited by 75
Toward Landscape‐Scale Modeling of Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Agroecosystems
Viaud, V., Angers, D. A., & Walter, C. A. (2010) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2009.0412 · Cited by 83
Monitoring land-use change effects on soil carbon in New Zealand: quantifying baseline soil carbon stocks
Scott, N. A., TATE, K. R., Giltrap, D. J., Smith, C. T., Wilde, H., Newsome, P., & Davis, M. R. (2002) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(01)00249-4 · Cited by 75
Environmental and human influences on organic carbon fractions down the soil profile
Hobley, E., Baldock, J., & Wilson, B. R. (2016) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.03.004 · Cited by 75
Soil C:N:P stoichiometry responds to vegetation change from grassland to woodland
Zhou, Y., Boutton, T. W., & Wu, X. B. (2018) · Biogeochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10533-018-0495-1 · Cited by 75
What Are the Effects of Agricultural Management on Soil Organic Carbon in Boreo-Temperate Systems?
Haddaway, N. R., Hedlund, K., Jackson, L. E., Kätterer, T., Lugato, E., Thomsen, I. K., Jørgensen, H. B., & Söderström, B. (2015) · Environmental Evidence · doi:10.1186/s13750-015-0049-0 · Cited by 74
Black Carbon Contribution to Organic Carbon Stocks in Urban Soil
Edmondson, J. L., Stott, I., Potter, J., López‐Capél, E., Manning, D. A. C., Gaston, K. J., & Leake, J. R. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00313 · Cited by 74
Total and labile forms of soil organic carbon as affected by land use change in southwestern Iran
Geraei, D. S., Hojati, S., Landi, A., & Cano, Á. F. (2016) · Geoderma Regional · doi:10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.001 · Cited by 75
The coupling interaction of soil water and organic carbon storage in the long vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau
Zhang, Y.-W., & Shangguan, Z. (2016) · Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.033 · Cited by 74
Management-Induced Changes to Soil Organic Carbon in China
Zhao, X., Zhang, R., Xue, J., Pu, C., Zhang, X.-Q., Liu, S., Chen, F., Lal, R., & Zhang, H. (2015) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2015.06.002 · Cited by 75
Soil organic carbon stock change due to land use activity along the agricultural frontier of the southwestern Amazon, Brazil, between 1970 and 2002
Maia, S. M. F., Ogle, S. M., Cerri, C. E. P., & Cerri, C. C. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02105.x · Cited by 73
Diverse Soil Carbon Dynamics Expressed at the Molecular Level
van der Voort, T. S., Zell, C. I., Hagedorn, F., Feng, X., McIntyre, C. P., Haghipour, N., Pannatier, E. G., & Eglinton, T. I. (2017) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2017gl076188 · Cited by 76
Responses of soil organic carbon to climate change in the Qilian Mountains and its future projection
Li, H., Wu, Y., Chen, J., Zhao, F., Wang, F., Sun, Y., Zhang, G., & Qiu, L. (2021) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126110 · Cited by 73
Soil mapping, digital soil mapping and soil monitoring over large areas and the dimensions of soil security – A review
Arrouays, D., Mulder, V. L., & Richer-De-Forges, A. C. (2021) · Soil Security · doi:10.1016/j.soisec.2021.100018 · Cited by 73
Impact of carbon farming practices on soil carbon in northern New South Wales
Cowie, A., Lonergan, V. E., Rabbi, S. M. F., Fornasier, F., Macdonald, C. A., Harden, S., Kawasaki, A., & Singh, B. K. (2013) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr13043 · Cited by 77
Land use alters arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and their potential role in carbon sequestration on the Tibetan Plateau
Xu, M., Li, X., Cai, X., Li, X., Christie, P., & Zhang, J. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03248-0 · Cited by 73
Factors controlling the variability of organic matter in the top- and subsoil of a sandy Dystric Cambisol under beech forest
Heinze, S., Ludwig, B., Piepho, H., Mikutta, R., Don, A., Wordell‐Dietrich, P., Helfrich, M., Hertel, D., Leuschner, C., Kirfel, K., et al. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.09.028 · Cited by 73
Effects of irrigation, crop residue mulch and nitrogen management in maize ( Zea mays L.) on soil carbon pools in a sandy loam soil of Indo-gangetic plain region
Chatterjee, S., Bandyopadhyay, K. K., Pradhan, S., Singh, R., & Datta, S. P. (2018) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2018.02.005 · Cited by 74
Dynamics and driving factors of the organic carbon fractions in agricultural land reclaimed from coastal wetlands in eastern China
Zhang, H., Wu, P., Fan, M., Zheng, S., Wu, J., Yang, X., Zhang, M., Yin, A., & Gao, C. (2018) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.01.039 · Cited by 73
Carbon in Russian Soils
Stolbovoi, V. (2002) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1023/a:1020289403835 · Cited by 73
Tree Species Composition in European Pristine Forests: Comparison of Stand Data to Model Predictions
Badeck, F., Lischke, H., Bugmann, H. K. M., Hickler, T., Hönninger, K., Lasch‐Born, P., Lexer, M. J., Mouillot, F., Schaber, J., & Smith, B. (2001) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1023/a:1012577612155 · Cited by 73
Stratification ratio of soil organic C, N and C:N in Mediterranean evergreen oak woodland with conventional and organic tillage
Corral-Fernández, R., Parras‐Alcántara, L., & Lozano‐García, B. (2012) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2012.11.002 · Cited by 72
Soil carbon response to woody plant encroachment: importance of spatial heterogeneity and deep soil storage
Zhou, Y., Boutton, T. W., & Wu, X. B. (2017) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12770 · Cited by 78
Relationship between soil inorganic carbon and organic carbon in the wheat-maize cropland of the North China Plain
Shi, H., Wang, X., Zhao, Y., Xu, M., Li, D. W., & Guo, Y. (2017) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-017-3310-1 · Cited by 72
Interrelationship of biomass yield, carbon input, aggregation, carbon pools and its sequestration in Vertisols under long-term sorghum-wheat cropping system in semi-arid tropics
Datta, A., Mandal, B., Badole, S., Chaitanya, A. K., Majumder, S. P., Padhan, D., Basak, N., Barman, A., Kundu, R., & Narkhede, W. N. (2018) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2018.07.004 · Cited by 72
Soil organic carbon and soil erodibility response to various land-use changes in northern Thailand
Arunrat, N., Sereenonchai, S., Kongsurakan, P., & Hatano, R. (2022) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2022.106595 · Cited by 73
Organic Carbon Chemistry in Soils Observed by Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopy
Lehmann, J. C., & Solomon, D. (2010) · Developments in psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0166-2481(10)34010-4 · Cited by 72
Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in northwest Greenland and underestimates of high Arctic carbon stores
Horwath, J. L., & Sletten, R. S. (2010) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2009gb003660 · Cited by 72
Terrestrial organic carbon storage in a British moorland
Garnett, M. H., Ineson, P., Stevenson, T., & HOWARD, D. C. (2001) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00382.x · Cited by 72
Estimation of Soil Carbon Gains Upon Improved Management within Croplands and Grasslands of Africa
Batjes, N. H. (2003) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1023/b:envi.0000003633.14591.fd · Cited by 72
Self-citation
Taxon-specific metagenomics of Trichoderma reveals a narrow community of opportunistic species that regulate each other’s development
Friedl, M. A., & Druzhinina, I. S. (2011) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.052555-0 · Cited by 71
Large uncertainty in soil carbon modelling related to method of calculation of plant carbon input in agricultural systems
Keel, S. G., Leifeld, J., Mayer, J., Taghizadeh-Toosi, A., & Olesen, J. E. (2017) · European Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1111/ejss.12454 · Cited by 69
Estimating the contribution of crop residues to soil organic carbon conservation
Stella, T., Mouratiadou, I., Gaiser, T., Berg‐Mohnicke, M., Wallor, E., Ewert, F. A., & Nendel, C. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab395c · Cited by 75
No evidence of aquatic priming effects in hyporheic zone microcosms
Bengtsson, M. M., Wagner, K., Burns, N. R., Herberg, E. R., Wanek, W., Kaplan, L. A., & Battin, T. J. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep05187 · Cited by 71
Distribution of soil organic matter between fractions and aggregate size classes in grazed semiarid steppe soil profiles
Steffens, M., Kölbl, A., Schörk, E., Gschrey, B., & Kögel‐Knabner, I. (2010) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0594-9 · Cited by 74
Remediation Chemistry of Humic Substances: Theory and Implications for Technology
Perminova, I. V., & Hatfield, K. (2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/1-4020-3252-8_1 · Cited by 74
Stabilization of dissolved organic matter by aluminium: a toxic effect or stabilization through precipitation?
Scheel, T., Jansen, B., van Wijk, A. J., Verstraten, J. M., & Kalbitz, K. (2008) · European Journal of Soil Science · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01074.x · Cited by 71
Soil carbon changes in areas undergoing expansion of sugarcane into pastures in south-central Brazil
Oliveira, D. M. D. S., Paustian, K. H., Davies, C. A., Cherubin, M. R., Franco, A. L. C., Cerri, C. C., & Cerri, C. E. P. (2016) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.005 · Cited by 76

Authors: BATJES, N. H.
Affiliations: ISRIC - World Soil Information (NL)
Corresponding author: BATJES, N.H.
ORCID: BATJES, N.H.
Venue: European Journal of Soil Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1996-06
Volume: 47
Issue: 2
Pages: 151-163
ISSN: 1351-0754 (ISSN-L)
1365-2389
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01386.x
OpenAlex: W4231864045
Cited by: 3,213
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 134 · 2025: 191 · 2024: 209 · 2023: 186 · 2022: 197 · 2021: 190 · 2020: 181 · 2019: 172 · 2018: 196 · 2017: 182 · 2016: 167 · 2015: 133 · 2014: 149 · 2013: 140 · 2012: 123
FWCI: 10.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3357 d)
Locations: European Journal of Soil Science (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil and Environmental Studies
Keywords: soil nitrogen, soil organic carbon, soil C:N ratio, soil organic matter, greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric CO2 sequestration, land use change, climate change, soil profile

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks