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Cited by 54Stellar, planetary, and galactic studiesGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaAstrophysics and Star Formation Studies

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The planetary nebula population of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy: The PNe of the Sgr dSph galaxy

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Zijlstra, Albert A., Gesicki, K., Walsh, J. R., Péquignot, D., van Hoof, P. A. M., Minniti, D.·2006·Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10338.x
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Abstract

The identification of two new planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr) is presented. This brings the total number to four. Both new PNe were previously classified as Galactic objects. The first, StWr 2-21, belongs to the main body of Sgr, from its velocity and location. The second, the halo PN BoBn 1, has a location, distance and velocity in agreement with the leading tidal tail of Sgr. We estimate that 10 per cent of the Galactic halo consists of Sgr debris. The specific frequency of PNe indicates a total luminosity of Sgr, including its tidal tails, of MV=−14.1. StWr 2-21 shows a high abundance of [O/H] =−0.23, which confirms the high-metallicity population in Sgr uncovered by Bonifacio et al. The steep metallicity–age gradient in Sgr is due to interstellar medium (ISM) removal during the Galactic plane passages, ISM reformation due to stellar mass-loss, and possibly accretion of metal-enriched gas from our Galaxy. The ISM re-formation rate of Sgr, from stellar mass-loss, is 5 × 10−4 M⊙ yr−1, amounting to ∼106 M⊙ per orbital period. Hubble Space Telescope images of three of the PNe reveal well-developed bipolar morphologies, and provide clear detections of the central stars. All three stars with deep spectra show WR lines, suggesting that the progenitor mass and metallicity determines whether a PN central star develops a WR spectrum. One Sgr PN belongs to the class of IR-[WC] stars. Expansion velocities are determined for three nebulae. Comparison with hydrodynamical models indicates an initial density profile of ρ∝r−3. This is evidence for increasing mass-loss rates on the asymptotic giant branch. Peak mass-loss rates are indicated of ∼10−4 M⊙ yr−1. The IR-[WC] PN, He 2-436, provides the sole direct detection of dust in a dwarf spheroidal galaxy, to date.

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  • Observations of external galaxies such as the LMC, SMC, and dwarf spheroidal galaxies show higher numbers of C stars than in our Galaxy.

    “Observations of external galaxies such as the LMC, SMC, and dwarf spheroidal galaxies show higher numbers of Cstars than in our Galaxy (e.g., Zijlstra et al. 2006; Sloan et al. 2008, 2012)”

    From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Zijlstra et al. 2006

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Metadata

Authors
Zijlstra, A. A., Gesicki, K., Walsh, J. R., Péquignot, D., van Hoof, P. A. M., & Minniti, D.
Affiliations
  • University of Manchester (GB)
  • Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (DE)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Royal Observatory of Belgium (BE)
  • Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
Corresponding author
Zijlstra, Albert A.
ORCID
Venue
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2006-05-03
Volume
369
Issue
2
Pages
875-890
ISSN
0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10338.x
OpenAlex
W1904178591
Cited by
54
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI
3.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Keywords
planetary nebulae, Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, tidal tails, metallicity gradients, stellar mass loss, bipolar nebulae, Wolf-Rayet central stars

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