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The Ontogeny of Vervet Monkey Alarm Calling Behavior: A Preliminary Report
Abstract
Abstract Adult vervet monkeys effectively classify animals in the world around them by giving alarm calls to some species but not to others, and by giving acoustically different alarms to leopards, martial eagles, pythons, and baboons. When compared to adults, infant vervet monkeys give alarm calls to a significantly wider variety of species. Even for infants, however, the relation between eliciting stimulus and alarm call type is not arbitrary. Infants restrict leopard alarms to terrestrial mammals, eagle alarms to birds, snake alarms to snakes, and baboon alarms to baboons. The mechanisms by which infants come, during development, to sharpen the association between predator species and alarm call type are discussed. Among adults, playback of each alarm call type elicits a distinct, and apparently adaptive set of responses. In contrast, the responses of infants seem more generalized than those of adults. Preliminary data suggest that, among infants, the development of alarm-specific responses depends at least in part on cues received from other individuals. Alarm playbacks significantly increase the proportion of time infants spend looking at their mothers, and the responses of infants are more adult-like if their mothers are nearby than if their mothers are farther away. Zusammenfassung Drei Meerkatzen-Trupps (C. aethiops) wurden 14 Monate lang im Amboseli-Park (Kenia) beobachtet. Die Erwachsenen äußerten 4 verschiedene Warnlaute vor Leoparden, Kampfadlern, Pythons und Pavianen. Jungtiere warnten vor mehr Feinden und öfter als Erwachsene auch vor für sie harmlosen Warzenschweinen, Tauben, Mäusen usw. Aber schon die Jungen äußern die Leoparden-Warnung meist vor Boden-Säugern, die Adlerwarnung vor Vögeln, die Schlangenwarnung vor Schlangen und die Pavian-Warnung vor Pavianen. Auf Warnrufe, die aus versteckten Lautsprechern kamen, reagierten Erwachsene verschieden, je nach Typ des Warnrufes; Jungtiere reagierten weniger genau und oft mit Verhalten, das dem betreffenden Feind gegenüber unangebracht war. Für Junge ist wichtig, was Truppmitglieder tun. Kinder sahen, wenn Warnrufe erklangen, mehr zu ihren Müttern hin. War die Mutter nicht in der Nähe, häufte sich falsches Verhalten und Hinblicken zu anderen Truppgenossen. Junge Meerkatzen teilen also, wie Kinder, mindestens einige Objekte aus ihrer Umwelt in bestimmte Kategorien ein. Das Ausstoßen von Warnrufen und die Reaktionen darauf werden über Jahre weiterentwickelt. Solche Untersuchungen lassen sich ausbauen in Parallele zur wohlbekannten Sprachentwicklung des Menschen und zu den Signalen gefangener Menschenaffen, deren Entwicklung aus der Natur unbekannt ist.
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Cited by
Seyfarth, R. M., Cheney, D. L., & Marler, P. (1980) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7433999 · Cited by 1,457
Self-citationEilam, D. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.03.027 · Cited by 292
Vocal coordination of troop movement among white‐faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capucinus
Boinski, S. (1993) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.1350300202 · Cited by 198
Threat detection: Behavioral practices in animals and humans
Eilam, D., Izhar, R., & Mort, J. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.08.002 · Cited by 136
Behavioural response of wild rodents to the calls of an owl: a comparative study
Hendrie, C. A., Weiss, S. M., & Eilam, D. (1998) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00118.x · Cited by 77
Metadata
- Authors
- Seyfarth, R. M., & Cheney, D. L.
- Venue
- Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-04-26
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-56
- ISSN
- 0044-3573 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2060803106
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 10.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Seyfarth, R. M., & Cheney, D. L. (2010). The Ontogeny of Vervet Monkey Alarm Calling Behavior: A Preliminary Report. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1980.tb01062.x
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