Maternal reasons for non‐immunisation and partial immunisation in northern Nigeria
Abstract
Aim: To compare maternal reasons for non‐immunisation and for partial immunisation in northern Nigeria, and determine the link between specific reasons and future intentions to immunise. Methods: Responses to open‐ended questions collected through a 2007 questionnaire survey were individually coded for key words using the regexm command in Stata (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). Simple percentages are used to analyse the differences in reasons for non‐immunisation and partial immunisation. Logistic regression serves to assess the relationship between specific reasons for non‐immunisation and future intentions to immunise. Results: The reasons for non‐immunisation generally differ from those advanced for partial immunisation. In general, reasons for non‐immunisation have to do with ideational and normative factors. In contrast, supply‐side factors are the reasons most often advanced for partial immunisation, although lack of knowledge also plays a strong role. Some reasons for non‐immunisation are more compatible with future intention to immunise than others. Conclusions: Efforts to promote the uptake of immunisation need to address both demand‐ and supply‐side factors. Increasing knowledge about immunisation, changing negative attitudes about immunisation, debunking myths and rumours about immunisation, and addressing religious, ethnic and political bases for resistance to immunisation are necessary to encourage parents to initiate child immunisation. To promote timely completion of immunisation schedule, programmes will need to improve vaccine supply, strengthen provider's capacity for quality service and increase community knowledge about immunisation.
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The review identified stockouts and related issues in Nigeria's medicine and vaccine supply chains, including stock-outs, substandard medicines, inadequate supply of vaccines, and regular stock-outs of essential medicines due to inefficient inventory management systems, equipment and corruption.
“Stock-outs, substandard medicines, shortage of vaccine stock and vaccine stock-outs, Regular stock-outs of essential medicines due to inefficient inventory management systems, equipment and corruption, Inadequate supply of vaccines”
From Medicines and vaccines supply chains challenges in Nigeria: a scoping review (2022) · cites this paper as [21]
An analysis of the expanded program on immunisation indicated poor coverage of the program due to shortage in vaccine supply and low funding for the program.
“An analysis of the expanded program on immunisation (EPI), indicated that there was poor coverage of the program due to shortage in vaccine supply and low funding for the program [20, 21].”
From Medicines and vaccines supply chains challenges in Nigeria: a scoping review (2022) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Babalola, S.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Babalola, Stella
- ORCID
- Babalola, Stella
- Venue
- Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-01-18
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 276-281
- ISSN
- 1034-4810 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1754
- OpenAlex
- W2125755905
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- childhood immunization, vaccine uptake, vaccine knowledge, vaccine supply, vaccine hesitancy, Northern Nigeria
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Decision Making, Female, Humans, Infant, Interviews as Topic, Mothers, Nigeria, Surveys and Questionnaires, Texas, Logistic Models, Immunization Programs
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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