Cited by 157Personality Traits and PsychologyNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

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Metatraits of the Big Five Differentially Predict Engagement and Restraint of Behavior

Hirsh, Jacob B., DeYoung, Colin G., Peterson, Jordan B.·2009·Journal of Personality

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00575.x

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Abstract

Although initially believed to contain orthogonal dimensions, the Big Five personality taxonomy appears to have a replicable higher-order structure, with the metatrait of Plasticity reflecting the shared variance between Extraversion and Openness/Intellect, and the metatrait of Stability reflecting the shared variance among Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. These higher order traits have been theorized to relate to individual differences in the functioning of the dopamine and serotonin systems, respectively. As dopamine is associated with exploration and incentive-related action, and serotonin with satiety and constraint, this neuropharmacological trait theory has behavioral implications, which we tested in 307 adults by examining the association of a large number of behavioral acts with multi-informant reports of the metatraits. The frequencies of acts were consistently positively correlated with Plasticity and negatively correlated with Stability. At the broadest level of description, variation in human personality appears to reflect engagement and restraint of behavior.

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Authors: Hirsh, J. B., DeYoung, C. G., & Peterson, J. B.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author: Hirsh, Jacob B.
ORCID: Hirsh, Jacob B.
DeYoung, Colin G.
Peterson, Jordan B.
Venue: Journal of Personality
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-07
Volume: 77
Issue: 4
Pages: 1085-1102
ISSN: 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
1467-6494
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00575.x
OpenAlex: W2005494435
Cited by: 157
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 6.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords: Big Five personality traits, extraversion, openness to experience, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, dopamine, serotonin, behavioral engagement, behavioral restraint, personality and behavior
MeSH terms: Adult, Extraversion, Psychological, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Introversion, Psychological, Male, Personality, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Self Concept, Social Environment, Reproducibility of Results

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Metatraits of the Big Five Differentially Predict Engagement and Restraint of Behavior

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