The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Black–White Paradox in Health: Flourishing in the Face of Social Inequality and Discrimination
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper reviews published research and presents new analyses from the 1995 nationally representative sample from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study to investigate whether there is support for the paradox of race and health in the United States. Findings reveal that Blacks have lower rates of several common mental disorders, but Blacks also have higher rates of flourishing than Whites. Blacks are mentally resilient in the face of greater social inequality and exposure to discrimination as well as high rates of physical morbidity—all of which are distinctive risk factors for mental distress and mental illness in the general population. Findings also show that controlling for perceived discrimination increases the Black advantage in 12 of the 13 signs of flourishing, suggesting that Blacks would have even better mental health were it not for discrimination. This paper concludes by considering what mechanisms—both adaptive and maladaptive—might explain this particular example of resilience in the Black population.
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Cites
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The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2002) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/3090197 · Cited by 5,133 · cited 4×
“The Ryff et al. (2003) paper focused on the six dimensions of psychological well-being, which form part of the Keyes (2002) diagnosis of the mental health continuum.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationRacial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination
Williams, D. R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J. S., & Anderson, N. B. (1997) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539700200305 · Cited by 4,786
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Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health
Keyes, C. L. M. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.3.539 · Cited by 3,357
Self-citationRacism as a stressor for African Americans: A biopsychosocial model.
Clark, R., Anderson, N. B., Clark, V. R., & Williams, D. R. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.10.805 · Cited by 2,830
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Cited by
Weinberger, A. H., Gbedemah, M., Martinez, A. M., Nash, D., Galea, S., & Goodwin, R. D. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717002781 · Cited by 716
Prilleltensky, I. (2012) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-011-9448-8 · Cited by 425
Resilience: A New Paradigm for Adaptation to Chronic Pain
Sturgeon, J. A., & Zautra, A. J. (2010) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-010-0095-9 · Cited by 417
To Flourish or Not: Positive Mental Health and All-Cause Mortality
Keyes, C. L. M., & Simoes, E. J. (2012) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.300918 · Cited by 397
Self-citationThe cost of color: Skin color, discrimination, and health among African-Americans
Monk, E. P. (2015) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/682162 · Cited by 386
Metadata
- Authors
- Keyes, C. L. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-11-17
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1677-1706
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W1983088891
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 60
- FWCI
- 19.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Keyes, C. L. M. (2009). The Black–White Paradox in Health: Flourishing in the Face of Social Inequality and Discrimination. Journal of Personality. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00597.x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
