The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Writing About Emotional Experiences as a Therapeutic Process
Abstract
For the past decade, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that when individuals write about emotional experiences, significant physical and mental health improvements follow The basic paradigm and findings are summarized along with some boundary conditions Although a reduction in inhibition may contribute to the disclosure phenomenon changes in basic cognitive and linguistic processes during writing predict better health Implications for theory and treatment are discussed
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“disclosure of stressful events can improve physical symptoms (Pennebaker, 1997)”
From Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder by trained lay counselors in an African refugee settlement: A randomized controlled trial. (2008) · cites this paper as Pennebaker, 1997
In the citing paper
“Expressing emotions prevents inhibition and allows the patient to identify what their needs are.”
From Improving Distress in Dialysis (iDiD): A tailored CBT self-management treatment for patients undergoing dialysis. (2016) · cites this paper as Pennebaker 1997
In the citing paper
“Emotional expression gives the patient an opportunity to process and understand their feelings (Pennebaker 1997).”
From Improving Distress in Dialysis (iDiD): A tailored CBT self-management treatment for patients undergoing dialysis. (2016) · cites this paper as Pennebaker 1997
Citations
Cites
Journal of personality and social psychology
Armstrong, J. (1988) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/0169-2070(88)90126-4 · Cited by 10,544
Selye, H. (1956) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 5,224
Smith, M. L., Glass, G. V., & Miller, T. I. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,123
Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease.
Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.3.274 · Cited by 2,074
Self-citationBiological Bases of Childhood Shyness
Kagan, J., Reznick, J. S., & Snidman, N. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3353713 · Cited by 1,577
Written emotional expression: Effect sizes, outcome types, and moderating variables.
Smyth, J. M. (1998) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.66.1.174 · Cited by 1,290
Wegner, D. M., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1992) · Cited by 1,231
Self-citationDisclosure of traumas and immune function: Health implications for psychotherapy.
Pennebaker, J. W., Kiecolt‐Glaser, J. K., & Glaser, R. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.56.2.239 · Cited by 1,041
Self-citationCognitive, Emotional, and Language Processes in Disclosure
Pennebaker, J. W., & Francis, M. E. (1996) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999396380079 · Cited by 986
Self-citationAccelerating the coping process.
Pennebaker, J. W., Colder, M., & Sharp, L. K. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.58.3.528 · Cited by 798
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Booth R. J., Petrie K. J., Pennebaker J. W. (in press) Changes in circulating lymphocytes numbers following emotional disclosure. Evidence of buffering?Stress Cameron L. D., Nicholls G. (1996) Expression of stressful experiences through writing. A Self regulation approach . Manuscript submitted for publication.
- 10.1037/0278-6133.15.4.243 · DOI
- Czajka J. A. (1987) Behavioral inhibition and short term physiological responses . Unpublished master's thesis. Southeren Methodist University. Dellas, TX.
- Dorinelly D. A., 1991, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 10, 314
- 10.1037/0022-006X.62.1.130 · DOI
- Kagan J., 1998, Science, 240, 67
- 10.1002/jts.2490070305 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-3514.58.3.528 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-006X.56.2.239 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-006X.63.5.787 · DOI
- Richards J. M., 1995, The effects of crimina offense and disclosure of traina on anxiety and illness in prison inmates
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,008
Pasupathi, M., Wainryb, C., & Twali, M. S. (2012) · Identity · doi:10.1080/15283488.2012.632393 · Cited by 28
COMMENTARIES on "Does the Positive Psychology Movement Have Legs?"
Campos, J. (2003) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1402_03 · Cited by 29
Ignorance May Be Bliss, But Thought Suppression Promotes Superficial Cognitive Processing
Beevers, C. G., & Scott, W. D. (2001) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1006/jrpe.2001.2333 · Cited by 28
Hudson, J. L., & Moss-Morris, R. (2019) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000352 · Cited by 27
Fox, R., Park, K. J., Hildebrand‐Chupp, R., & Vo, A. T. (2021) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/jasp.12717 · Cited by 31
Jung, K., Lee, G., Yuan-hui, H., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3757537 · Cited by 55
Pengaruh Terapi Menulis Pengalaman Emosional Terhadap Penurunan Depresi pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama
Susilowati, T. G., & Hasanat, N. U. (2011) · Jurnal Psikologi · doi:10.22146/jpsi.7669 · Cited by 27
Exploring an Online Self-Injury Support Group: Perspectives From Group Members
Haberstroh, S., & Moyer, M. (2012) · The Journal for Specialists in Group Work · doi:10.1080/01933922.2011.646088 · Cited by 27
The benefits of psychological displacement in diary writing when using different pronouns
Seih, Y., Lin, Y., Huang, C., Peng, C., & Huang, S. P. (2008) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910707x250875 · Cited by 27
Narrative writing exercises for promoting health among adolescents: Promises and pitfalls.
Taylor, E. J., Jouriles, E. N., Brown, R., Goforth, K., & Banyard, V. (2016) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/vio0000023 · Cited by 28
Family Communication Styles and Resilience among Adolescents
Acuna, M. A., & Kataoka, S. (2017) · Social Work · doi:10.1093/sw/swx017 · Cited by 27
Laws, B. (2020) · Theoretical Criminology · doi:10.1177/1362480620919102 · Cited by 27
Livestock owners’ worry and fear of tick-borne diseases
Johansson, M. V., Mysterud, A., & Flykt, A. (2020) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04162-7 · Cited by 27
Negri, A. A. M., Andreoli, G., Barazzetti, A., Zamin, C., & Christian, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568281 · Cited by 30
Insight Into the Hispanic Paradox: The Language Hypothesis
Llabre, M. M. (2021) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691620968765 · Cited by 30
Informal Caregivers Disclose Increasingly More to a Social Robot Over Time
Laban, G., Morrison, V. L., Kappas, A., & Cross, E. S. (2022) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3491101.3519666 · Cited by 28
Pattison, N. A., O’Gara, G., & Rattray, J. E. (2015) · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.iccn.2014.12.002 · Cited by 27
Enhancing the Benefits of Written Emotional Disclosure Through Response Training
König, A. A., Eonta, A. M., Dyal, S. R., & Vrana, S. R. (2014) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2013.12.006 · Cited by 27
Online support for children of parents suffering from mental illness: A case study
Drost, L. M., & Schippers, G. M. (2013) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104513496260 · Cited by 27
The Words of Violence: Autobiographical Narratives of Abused Women
Tani, F., Peterson, C., & Smorti, M. (2016) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-016-9824-0 · Cited by 37
The Use of a Reflective Learning Journal in an Introductory Statistics Course
Denton, A. W. (2017) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.1177/1475725717728676 · Cited by 35
Joy, S. P. (2008) · Creativity Research Journal · doi:10.1080/10400410802278693 · Cited by 27
Effects of clinician-assisted emotional disclosure for sexual assault survivors: a pilot study
Anderson, T., Fende Guajardo, J., Luthra, R., & Edwards, K. M. (2010) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260509340542 · Cited by 26
Styers, M. K., & Baker-Ward, L. E. (2012) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.705849 · Cited by 26
Wu, S., Li, J., & Leshed, G. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642746 · Cited by 28
Coppola, G., Ponzetti, S., & Vaughn, B. E. (2013) · Social Development · doi:10.1111/sode.12066 · Cited by 26
Pulverman, C. S., Lorenz, T. K., & Meston, C. M. (2014) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0036462 · Cited by 29
Wu, D., Chen, T., Yang, H., Gong, Q., & Hu, X. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.14156 · Cited by 26
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Behavior Change Interventions: A Ten-Task Guide
Abraham, C., & Denford, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.019 · Cited by 27
Changing Behavior Using the Reflective-Impulsive Model
Deutsch, R., & Strack, F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.012 · Cited by 30
Villanueva, C. M., Silton, R. L., Heller, W., Barch, D. M., & Gruber, J. (2020) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.11.008 · Cited by 26
Chishima, Y., Liu, I. H., & Wilson, A. E. (2021) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12256 · Cited by 25
Lueger‐Schuster, B., Butollo, A., Moy, Y., Jagsch, R., Glück, T., Kantor, V., Knefel, M., & Weindl, D. (2015) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-015-0077-0 · Cited by 31
Status and inclusion, anger and sadness: Gendered responses to disrespect
Blincoe, S., & Harris, M. J. (2011) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.811 · Cited by 26
Wyatt, G. E., Hamilton, A. B., Myers, H. F., Ullman, J. B., Chin, D., Sumner, L. A., Loeb, T. B., Carmona, J. V., Zhang, M., & Liu, H. (2011) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2011.07.007 · Cited by 26
Fair, C. D., Connor, L., Albright, J. N., Wise, E., & Jones, K. (2012) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2012.06.010 · Cited by 26
Lorenz, T. K., & Meston, C. M. (2012) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.09.014 · Cited by 28
Booker, J. A., & Dunsmore, J. C. (2017) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2017.36.7.580 · Cited by 28
When Stigma Is Concealable: The Costs and Benefits for Health
Quinn, D. M. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.19 · Cited by 28
Writing about life story chapters increases self‐esteem: Three experimental studies
Steiner, K., Pillemer, D. B., & Thomsen, D. K. (2018) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12449 · Cited by 31
Lee, J., Kim, J. W., & Chock, T. M. (2020) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2020.1836089 · Cited by 26
Boniwell, I., & Осин, Е. Н. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07368-2_29 · Cited by 27
Predicting emotional health indicators from linguistic evidence of psychological distancing
Shahane, A. D., & Denny, B. T. (2019) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2855 · Cited by 25
Vogel, A., & Rosner, R. (2020) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-019-00305-0 · Cited by 25
Lü, Q., Yeung, N. C. Y., Tsai, W., & Kim, J. H. J. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104244 · Cited by 31
Dilemma-focused intervention for unipolar depression: a treatment manual
Feixas, G., & Compañ, V. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0947-x · Cited by 25
Robertson, S. M. C., Short, S. D., Sawyer, L. E., & Sweazy, S. (2020) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2020.1827146 · Cited by 32
Expressions of Resilience: Social Media Responses to a Flooding Event
Anderson, A. A. (2020) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13639 · Cited by 25
Davis, P., Gustafsson, H., Callow, N., & Woodman, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.599925 · Cited by 26
Social media, self-harm, and suicide
Scherr, S. (2022) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101311 · Cited by 25
Repurposing process measures to train psychotherapists: Training outcomes using a new approach
Pascual‐Leone, A., & Andreescu, C. A. (2012) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733145.2012.739633 · Cited by 27
Employer Perceptions of Stress and Resilience Intervention
Spangler, N. W., Koesten, J., Fox, M. H., & Radel, J. D. (2012) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e3182619038 · Cited by 31
Alparone, F. R., Pagliaro, S., & Rizzo, I. (2015) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2015.34.6.495 · Cited by 25
Emotional Disclosure and Closeness Toward Offenders
Harber, K. D., & Wenberg, K. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204272720 · Cited by 25
Keeping the magic alive: social sharing of positive life experiences sustains happiness
Hovasapian, A., & Levine, L. J. (2018) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2017.1422697 · Cited by 25
Koopman, M. Y., Pieterse, M. E., Bohlmeijer, E. T., & Drossaert, C. H. C. (2017) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.1080/14623730.2017.1328367 · Cited by 31
Sharing co-creation experiences contributes to consumer satisfaction
Alarcón‐López, R., de Maya, S. R., & López, I. L. (2017) · Online Information Review · doi:10.1108/oir-09-2016-0267 · Cited by 25
Facebook Therapy? Why People Share Self-Relevant Content Online
Buechel, E. C., & Berger, J. A. (2012) · ACR North American Advances · Cited by 25
Emotional Processing versus Cognitive Restructuring in Response to a Depressing Life Event
Hunt, M. G., Kapson, H. S., Moonat, S., Poulos, S., & Wieland, J. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9156-8 · Cited by 25
Boinon, D., Charles, C., Dauchy, S., & Sultan, S. (2011) · Psycho-Oncologie · doi:10.1007/s11839-011-0328-4 · Cited by 24
Dyadic Behavior Change Interventions
Scholz, U., Berli, C., Lüscher, J., & Knoll, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.043 · Cited by 26
Montali, L., Zulato, E., Frigerio, A., Frangi, E., & Camussi, E. (2021) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22696 · Cited by 24
Bingley, W., Greenaway, K. H., & Haslam, S. A. (2021) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691621997144 · Cited by 27
Toward Linguistic Recognition of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Rook, L., Mazza, M. C., Lefter, I., & Brazier, F. M. T. (2022) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2022.779039 · Cited by 27
Jafarlou, S., Lai, J., Azimi, I., Mousavi, Z. A., Labbaf, S., Jain, R., Dutt, N. D., Borelli, J. L., & Rahmani, A. M. (2022) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/39425 · Cited by 24
Holm‐Hadulla, R. M. (2012) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000345169 · Cited by 24
Happily Ever after: The Use of Stories to Promote Positive Interventions
Tomasulo, D. J., & Pawelski, J. O. (2012) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2012.312a176 · Cited by 24
Edwards, L. V., Irving, S. M., Amutah, N. N., & Sydnor, K. D. (2012) · Journal of Black Studies · doi:10.1177/0021934712440171 · Cited by 24
Finding happiness in negative emotions: An experimental test of a novel expressive writing paradigm
North, R. J., Pai, A. V., Hixon, J. G., & Holahan, C. J. (2011) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2011.570365 · Cited by 29
The Dimensions of Common Factors in Counseling
Leibert, T. (2011) · International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · doi:10.1007/s10447-011-9115-7 · Cited by 27
Sharing the Good, Sharing the Bad
Magai, C., Consedine, N. S., Fiori, K. L., & King, A. R. (2008) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264308328980 · Cited by 24
“Why did he choose to die?”: A meaning-searching approach to parental suicide bereavement in youth
Hagström, A. S. (2018) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2018.1457604 · Cited by 25
Effects of expressive writing and use of cognitive words on meaning making and post-traumatic Growth
Zheng, L., Lü, Q., & Gan, Y. (2019) · Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology · doi:10.1017/prp.2018.31 · Cited by 27
Developing Behavior Change Interventions
Hankonen, N. E., & Hardeman, W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.021 · Cited by 28
The Healing Powers of Expressive Writing
Sexton, J. D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511627101.018 · Cited by 24
Self-citationFurnes, B., & Dysvik, E. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04268.x · Cited by 24
Letters in cognitive analytic therapy: The patient's experience
Hamill, M., Ried, M., & Reynolds, S. A. (2008) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503300802074505 · Cited by 24
Kunst, M. J. J., Bogaerts, S., & Winkel, F. W. (2010) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.698 · Cited by 24
A Typology of Intergroup Competencies
Ramsey, V. J., & Latting, J. K. (2005) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/0021886305277974 · Cited by 29
Salutogenesis and autobiographical disclosure among Holocaust survivors
Cassel, L., & Suedfeld, P. (2006) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760600952919 · Cited by 23
Self-efficacy and ethical decision-making
Stenmark, C. K., Redfearn, R. A., & Kreitler, C. M. (2020) · Ethics & Behavior · doi:10.1080/10508422.2020.1776617 · Cited by 23
Renzi, A., Mariani, R., Trani, M. D., & Tambelli, R. (2020) · Research in Psychotherapy Psychopathology Process and Outcome · doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.452 · Cited by 28
Hecht, C. A., Priniski, S. J., Tibbetts, Y., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12416 · Cited by 29
Lee, J. A., Efstratiou, C., Siriaraya, P., Sharma, D., & Ang, C. S. (2021) · Pervasive and Mobile Computing · doi:10.1016/j.pmcj.2021.101369 · Cited by 30
Barbeau, K., Guertin, C., Boileau, K., & Pelletier, L. G. (2021) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/03616843211013465 · Cited by 26
Donovan, H. S., Sereika, S. M., Wenzel, L. B., Edwards, R. P., Knapp, J. E., Hughes, S. H., Roberge, M. C., Thomas, T. H., Klein, S. J., Spring, M. B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.21.00656 · Cited by 23
Keenan, M. J., Lumley, V. A., & Schneider, R. B. (2014) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/a0036025 · Cited by 23
Manczak, E. M., McLean, K. C., McAdams, D. P., & Chen, E. (2015) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9680-1 · Cited by 23
Meston, C. M., & Lorenz, T. K. (2012) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0027706 · Cited by 26
Abel, E. (2007) · Family & Community Health · doi:10.1097/00003727-200701001-00013 · Cited by 23
Carpenter, N., Angus, L. E., Paivio, S. C., & Bryntwick, E. (2016) · Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies · doi:10.1080/14779757.2015.1132756 · Cited by 23
Hall, N. C., & Sverdlik, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01109 · Cited by 27
Digital Possessions After a Romantic Break Up
Herron, D., Moncur, W., & van den Hoven, E. (2016) · Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/2971485.2971539 · Cited by 23
Cultivating Self-Compassion Promotes Disclosure of Experiences that Threaten Self-Esteem
Dupasquier, J. R., Kelly, A. C., Moscovitch, D. A., & Vidovic, V. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-10050-x · Cited by 23
Rothman, A. J., Klein, W. M. P., & Sheeran, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.020 · Cited by 26
Evaluating guilt and shame in an expressive writing alcohol intervention
Rodriguez, L. M., Young, C. M., Neighbors, C., Campbell, M. T., & Lü, Q. (2015) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2015.05.001 · Cited by 24
Wald, H. S., Norman, D. R., & Walker, J. (2010) · Reflective Practice · doi:10.1080/14623943.2010.505720 · Cited by 23
Kim, S. H. (2009) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607860802154457 · Cited by 23
The Generation and Recall of Personally Relevant Information
Czuchry, M., & Dansereau, D. F. (1998) · The Journal of Experimental Education · doi:10.1080/00220979809601403 · Cited by 23
Cognitive reorganization and stigmatization among persons with HIV
Abel, E., Rew, L., Gortner, E., & Delville, C. L. (2004) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03134.x · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Pennebaker, J. W.
- Affiliations
- Southern Methodist University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pennebaker, James W.
- ORCID
- Pennebaker, James W.
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 162-166
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2157985609
- Cited by
- 2,486
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 103 · 2025: 116 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 134 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 170 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 103 · 2017: 112 · 2016: 113 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 125 · 2013: 106 · 2012: 109
- FWCI
- 26.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- expressive writing, emotional experience, disclosure, inhibition, linguistic processes, psychological intervention, physical health, mental health
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review