Dissociative tendencies and memory performance on directed-forgetting tasks
Abstract
The current article presents two studies that aimed to replicate DePrince and Freyd's (2001, 2004) studies demonstrating that high and low dissociators differentially recall neutral and trauma words under conditions of varying cognitive load. We did not find this effect. This lack of replication was apparent for both free recall and word recognition memory and in both studies. In effect, we found little evidence to support betrayal trauma theory, yet observed increased memory fallibility, as demonstrated by lower general recall and (in one study) commission errors, in high dissociators.
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In healthy individuals, higher levels of dissociation are associated with worse performance on tasks assessing verbal memory.
“verbal memory (Amrhein et al., 2008;Devilly et al., 2007)”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Devilly et al., 2007
These findings were not replicated in subsequent studies.
“These findings were not replicated in subsequent studies, however (Devilly et al., 2007;Giesbrecht and Merckelbach, 2009).”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Devilly et al., 2007
Cites
McNally, R. J., Metzger, L. J., Lasko, N. B., Clancy, S. A., & Pitman, R. K. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.4.596 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Dissociative tendencies, attention, and memory
DePrince, A. P., & Freyd, J. J. (1999) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00185 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
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Evaluation of the evidence for the trauma and fantasy models of dissociation.
Dalenberg, C. J., Brand, B. L., Gleaves, D. H., Dorahy, M. J., Loewenstein, R. J., Cardeña, E., Frewen, P. A., Carlson, E. B., & Spiegel, D. (2012) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0027447 · Cited by 667 · see citing works
Cognitive processes in dissociation: An analysis of core theoretical assumptions.
Giesbrecht, T., Lynn, S. J., Lilienfeld, S. O., & Merckelbach, H. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.617 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Harricharan, S., Nicholson, A. A., Thome, J., Densmore, M., McKinnon, M. C., Théberge, J., Frewen, P. A., Neufeld, R. W. J., & Lanius, R. A. (2020) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13472 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
McKinnon, M. C., Boyd, J. E., Frewen, P. A., Lanius, U. F., Jetly, R., Richardson, J. D., & Lanius, R. A. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.017 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
“…functioning (Amrhein et al., 2008; Giesbrecht et al., 2004), divided attention (Olsen and Beck, 2012), verbal memory (Amrhein et al., 2008; Devilly et al., 2007), M.C. McKinnon et al. / Neuropsychologia 90 (2016) 210–234214 episodic memory (Olsen and Beck, 2012) and working memory…”
Betrayal trauma theory of dissociative experiences: stroop and directed forgetting findings
GIESBRECHT, T., & MERCKELBACH, H. (2009) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/27784407 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Zoellner, L. A., Sheikh, I. S., Walker, R. W., Rosencrans, P., Garcia, N. M., Marks, E. H., Ojalehto, H. J., & Bedard-Gilligan, M. A. (2019) · Handbook of Sexual Assault and Sexual Assault Prevention · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-23645-8_20 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Devilly, G. J., Ciorciari, J., Piesse, A., Sherwell, S., Zammit, S., Cook, F., & Turton, C.
- Affiliations
- Swinburne University of Technology (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Devilly, Grant J.
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 212-217
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2103795541
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Keywords
- dissociation, directed forgetting, betrayal trauma theory, memory fallibility, neutral words, cognitive load, free recall, recognition memory, commission errors, replication failure
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Australia, Cognition, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Psychomotor Performance, Mental Recall, Severity of Illness Index, Stress, Psychological, Students, Task Performance and Analysis, Sample Size, Recognition, Psychology
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