The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
PROPOSAL FOR A NEW MEASURE OF CORRUPTION, ILLUSTRATED WITH ITALIAN DATA
Abstract
Standard cross-national measures of corruption are assembled through surveys. We propose a novel alternative objective measure that consists of the difference between a measure of the physical quantities of public infrastructure and the cumulative price government pays for public capital stocks. Where the difference is larger between the monies spent and the existing physical infrastructure, more money is being siphoned off to mismanagement, fraud, bribes, kickbacks, and embezzlement; that is, corruption is greater. We create this measure for Italy's 95 provinces and 20 regions as of the mid-1990s, controlling at the regional level for possible differences in the costs of public construction.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Making democracy work: civic traditions in modern Italy
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.30-6408 · Cited by 14,307
Mauro, P. (1995) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2946696 · Cited by 8,820
Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy
Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R., & Nanetti, R. Y. (1994) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400820740 · Cited by 7,106
Political Order in Changing Societies
Huntington, S. P. (1970) · Verfassung in Recht und Übersee · doi:10.5771/0506-7286-1970-2-257 · Cited by 6,333
Political Order in Changing Societies.
Zolberg, A. R., & Huntington, S. P. (1969) · Midwest Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2110237 · Cited by 5,753
(2011) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.101.7.i · Cited by 5,406
INSTITUTIONS AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: CROSS‐COUNTRY TESTS USING ALTERNATIVE INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES
Knack, S., & Keefer, P. (1995) · Economics & Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.1995.tb00111.x · Cited by 5,084
The causes of corruption: a cross-national study
Treisman, D. (2000) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/s0047-2727(99)00092-4 · Cited by 3,889
The Moral Basis of a Backward Society.
Banfield, E. C. (1959) · Economica · doi:10.2307/2550413 · Cited by 3,136
Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform
Rose-Ackerman, S. (1999) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139175098 · Cited by 2,172
Cited by
Regional Governance Matters: Quality of Government within European Union Member States
Charron, N., Dijkstra, L., & Lapuente, V. (2014) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343404.2013.770141 · Cited by 646
POLITICIANS AT WORK: THE PRIVATE RETURNS AND SOCIAL COSTS OF POLITICAL CONNECTIONS
Cingano, F., & Pinotti, P. (2013) · Journal of the European Economic Association · doi:10.1111/jeea.12001 · Cited by 561
Audit risk and rent extraction: Evidence from a randomized evaluation in Brazil
Zamboni, Y., & Litschig, S. (2018) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2018.03.008 · Cited by 151
Governance and stock market performance
Hooper, V., Sim, A. B., & Uppal, A. (2009) · Economic Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ecosys.2009.03.001 · Cited by 87
Metadata
- Authors
- Golden, M. A., & Picci, L.
- Venue
- Economics and Politics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-75
- ISSN
- 0954-1985 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-0343
- OpenAlex
- W2133591639
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 55.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: PROPOSAL FOR A NEW MEASURE OF CORRUPTION, ILLUSTRATED WITH ITALIAN DATA. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2005.00146.x
- The paper
- Golden, M. A., & Picci, L. (2005). PROPOSAL FOR A NEW MEASURE OF CORRUPTION, ILLUSTRATED WITH ITALIAN DATA. Economics and Politics. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2005.00146.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.