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Cited by 431

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Female genital appearance: ‘normality’ unfolds

Lloyd, Jillian, Crouch, Naomi S., Minto, Catherine L., Liao, Lih‐Mei, Creighton, Sarah M.·2005·BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
DOI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00517.x
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Abstract

Objective To describe variations in genital dimensions of normal women. Design Observational cross‐sectional study. Setting Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital, University College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK. Population Fifty premenopausal women having gynaecological procedures not involving the external genitalia under general anaesthetic. Methods A cross sectional study using digital photography and measurements of the external genitalia. Main outcome measures Clitoral size, labial length and width, colour and rugosity, vaginal length, distance from clitoris to urethral orifice, distance from posterior fourchette to anterior anal margin. Results A wide range of values were noted for each measurement. There was no statistically significant association with age, parity, ethnicity, hormonal use or history of sexual activity. Conclusion Women vary widely in genital dimensions. This information should be made available to women when considering surgical procedures on the genitals, decisions for which must be carefully considered between surgeon and woman.

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Metadata

Authors
Lloyd, J., Crouch, N. S., Minto, C. L., Liao, L., & Creighton, S. M.
Venue
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2005-01-12
Volume
112
Issue
5
Pages
643-646
ISSN
  • 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
  • 1470-0328
  • 1471-0528
DOI
10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00517.x
OpenAlex
W2105551447
Cited by
431
References
19
FWCI
15.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Female genital appearance: ‘normality’ unfolds. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00517.x
The paper
Lloyd, J., Crouch, N. S., Minto, C. L., Liao, L., & Creighton, S. M. (2005). Female genital appearance: ‘normality’ unfolds. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00517.x

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.