The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mental health problems common in women with fear of childbirth: Mental health of women with fear of childbirth
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether women with fear of childbirth have more mental health problems than women of childbearing age in general. DESIGN: Register-based retrospective study. SETTING: The maternity clinic of Helsinki University Central Hospital. POPULATION: In all, 2405 women referred for consultation because of fear of childbirth during 1996-2002 and 4676 comparable control women. METHODS: Data were linked to the Medical Birth Register, the Hospital Discharge Register and the Drug Reimbursement Register 5-12 years before and after the initial childbirth (during 1990-2008). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of psychiatric care as evidenced by the use of psychotropic medication, and episodes of either psychiatric inpatient or outpatient care in women with fear of childbirth compared with nonfearful controls. RESULTS: Women with fear of childbirth had significantly more often had psychiatric care (54.0% versus 33.6%, P < 0.001) during the study period. Fearful and nonfearful women differed from each other (P < 0.001) regarding psychiatric inpatient care (7.2% versus 3.6%), outpatient care (19.0% versus 9.8%) and the use of psychotropic medication (51.3% versus 31.3%). Mood and anxiety disorders were the most common psychiatric diagnoses in both groups. The major predictors for a need for psychiatric care after the initial childbirth were previous psychiatric care (adjusted odds ratio 4.5; 95% CI 4.0-5.1) and fear of childbirth (adjusted odds ratio 1.9; 95%CI 1.7-2.1). CONCLUSIONS: A remarkable mental morbidity was seen among women of childbearing age. Mental health problems were twice as common among women with a fear of childbirth as in nonfearful controls. Clinical practice on how to evaluate and treat women fearing childbirth should be developed.
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“Many other variations exist among women fearing birth with regard to fear acquisition, fear objects, symptom severity, and comorbidity [20-23].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cites
Prevalence of Depression During Pregnancy: Systematic Review
Bennett, H. A., Einarson, A., Taddio, A., Koren, G., & Einarson, T. R. (2004) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000116689.75396.5f · Cited by 1,725
Is pregnancy anxiety a distinctive syndrome?
Huizink, A. C., Mulder, E. J. H., Robles de Medina, P. G., Visser, G. H. A., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2004) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2004.04.014 · Cited by 582
Sex differences in rates of depression: cross-national perspectives
Weissman, M. M. (1993) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(93)90025-f · Cited by 553
Perinatal Risks of Untreated Depression during Pregnancy
Bonari, L., Pinto, N., Ahn, E., Einarson, A., Steiner, M. S., & Koren, G. (2004) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370404901103 · Cited by 534
Andersson, L., Poromaa, I. S., Bixo, M., Wulff, M., Bondestam, K., & Åström, M. (2003) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1067/mob.2003.336 · Cited by 447
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Experiences of Fears Associated with Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Study of 329 Pregnant Women
Hanna‐Leena Melender, R. (2002) · Birth · doi:10.1046/j.1523-536x.2002.00170.x · Cited by 399
Nieminen, K., Stephansson, O., & Ryding, E. L. (2009) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1080/00016340902998436 · Cited by 373
Fear of childbirth according to parity, gestational age, and obstetric history
Rouhe, H., Salmela‐Aro, K., Halmesmäki, E., & Saisto, T. (2008) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02002.x · Cited by 363
Self-citationImplications of Antenatal Depression and Anxiety for Obstetric Outcome
Andersson, L., Sundström-Poromaa, I., Wulff, M., Åström, M., & Bixo, M. (2004) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000135277.04565.e9 · Cited by 362
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- National Agency for Medicines and Social Insurance Institution, 2004, Finnish Statistics on Medicines
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Causes and outcomes in studies of fear of childbirth: A systematic review
Dencker, A., Nilsson, C., Begley, C., Jangsten, E., Mollberg, M., Patel, H., Wigert, H., Hessman, E., Sjöblom, H., & Sparud-Lundin, C. (2019) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2018.07.004 · Cited by 438
Definitions, measurements and prevalence of fear of childbirth: a systematic review
Nilsson, C., Hessman, E., Sjöblom, H., Dencker, A., Jangsten, E., Mollberg, M., Patel, H., Sparud‐Lundin, C., Wigert, H., & Begley, C. (2018) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-018-1659-7 · Cited by 424
Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery
Adams, S., Eberhard‐Gran, M., & Eskild, A. (2012) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03433.x · Cited by 378
Fear of childbirth; the relation to anxiety and depression
Størksen, H. T., Eberhard‐Gran, M., Garthus‐Niegel, S., & Eskild, A. (2011) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01323.x · Cited by 268
“In particular, only few studies have addressed a possible association of poor mental health with fear of childbirth (7,8).”
BackgroundThe impact of previous birth experiences on maternal fear of childbirth
Størksen, H. T., Garthus‐Niegel, S., Vangen, S., & Eberhard‐Gran, M. (2012) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.12072 · Cited by 236
“Furthermore, in contrast to prior studies (3,6,7,28,29), fear of childbirth was measured using a validated psychometric instrument designed to measure fear of childbirth, the W-DEQ (17,30).”
BackgroundResult
Metadata
- Authors
- Rouhe, H., Salmela-Aro, K., Gissler, M., Halmesmäki, E., & Saisto, T.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Rouhe, H
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-04-13
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1104-1111
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- OpenAlex
- W2161058314
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Yrjö Jahnssonin Säätiö
- Emil Aaltosen Säätiö
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- fear of childbirth, mental illness, psychiatric nursing, psychotropic drugs, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, women of reproductive age, perinatal mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analgesia, Mental Disorders, Cesarean Section, Fear, Female, Finland, Humans, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Psychotropic Drugs, Registries, Retrospective Studies, Case-Control Studies, Parturition, Labor Pain, Young Adult
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