Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Adams S, Eberhard‐Gran M, Eskild A. Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery. BJOG 2012;119:1238–1246. Objective To assess the association between fear of childbirth and duration of labour. Design A prospective study of women from 32 weeks of gestation through to delivery. Setting Akershus University Hospital, Norway. Population A total of 2206 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy and intended vaginal delivery during the period 2008–10. Methods Fear of childbirth was assessed by the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W‐DEQ) version A at 32 weeks of gestation, and defined as a W‐DEQ sum score ≥ 85. Information on labour duration, use of epidural analgesia and mode of delivery was obtained from the maternal ward electronic birth records. Main outcome measures Labour duration in hours: from 3–4 cm cervical dilatation and three uterine contractions per 10 minutes lasting ≥1 minute, until delivery of the child. Results Fear of childbirth (W‐DEQ sum score ≥ 85) was present in 7.5% (165) of women. Labour duration was significantly longer in women with fear of childbirth compared with women with no such fear using a linear regression model (crude unstandardised coefficient 1.54; 95% confidence interval 0.87–2.22, corresponding to a difference of 1 hour and 32 minutes). After adjustment for parity, counselling for pregnancy concern, epidural analgesia, labour induction, labour augmentation, emergency caesarean delivery, instrumental vaginal delivery, offspring birthweight and maternal age, the difference attenuated, but remained statistically significant (adjusted unstandardised coefficient 0.78; 95% confidence interval 0.20–1.35, corresponding to a 47‐minute difference). Conclusion Duration of labour was longer in women with fear of childbirth than in women without fear of childbirth.
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Previous research suggests that FOB during pregnancy might be positively correlated with the experience of pain during childbirth, longer birth duration, and a more negative rating of the overall birth experience.
“Although findings are not coherent [62], previous research suggests that FOB during pregnancy might be positively correlated with the experience of pain during childbirth [63,64], longer birth duration [65-67], and a more negative rating of the overall birth experience [4,5].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [65]
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- Authors
- Adams, S., Eberhard‐Gran, M., & Eskild, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Adams, SS
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-06-27
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1238-1246
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- 1471-0528
- OpenAlex
- W1548509127
- Cited by
- 378
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 18.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Keywords
- fear of childbirth, labour duration, Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire, epidural analgesia, mode of delivery, labor induction, labor augmentation, emergency caesarean delivery, instrumental delivery, singleton pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Fear, Female, Humans, Labor, Obstetric, Obstetric Labor Complications, Middle Aged, Parity, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Analgesia, Epidural, Analgesia, Obstetrical, Parturition, Delivery, Obstetric, Young Adult
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