Altered balance in the autonomic nervous system in schizophrenic patients
Abstract
Summary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the autonomic nervous function in schizophrenic patients. Twenty‐eight patients (29 ± 6 years) diagnosed as schizophrenics and in stable medication were included, together with ten schizophrenic patients (25 ± 5 years) who were unmedicated. Eleven healthy subjects (32 ± 7 years) served as controls. Immediate heart‐rate responses to a single deep inspiration was used as a measure of parasympathetic function. Heart‐rate response to standing was used as a measure of sympathetic function. Supine blood pressure, heart‐rate and orthostatic changes in blood pressure did not differ between groups. Heart‐rate response to standing was greater in both medicated and non‐medicated schizophrenics compared to normal subjects (P<0·01). Heart‐rate response to standing was greater in non‐medicated compared to medicated schizophrenics (P<0·05). Heart‐rate response to inspiration was greater in non‐medicated schizophrenics compared to normal subjects (P<0·05), whereas no difference was found between medicated and non‐medicated schizophrenics. The results show that the balance in the autonomic nervous system is altered in schizophrenic patients with a hyperexcitability in both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic division. Our study has thus indicated a dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system per se and the previous interpretations of attentional orienting responses in schizophrenia is questioned. Medication with neuroleptics seems to partly normalize the autonomic reactivity rather than being the cause of autonomic dysfunction.
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Abnormal heart rate changes between supine and standing positions are observed in patients with schizophrenia, both medicated and unmedicated, compared with healthy controls, with heart rate elevation exceeding 30 beats per minute.
“Moreover, abnormal heart rate changes between the supine and standing positions have been observed in patients with SCZ (both medicated and unmedicated) compared to HCs, with heart rate elevation exceeding 30 beats per minute38.”
From Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in schizophrenia: impact on cognitive and metabolic health (2021) · cites this paper as [38]
The abnormal heart rate changes in schizophrenia are believed to reflect greater sympathetic activity.
“This is believed to be reflective of greater sympathetic activity.”
From Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in schizophrenia: impact on cognitive and metabolic health (2021) · cites this paper as [38]
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- Authors
- Nielsen, B. M., Mehlsen, J., & Behnke, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Nielsen, B. M.
- Venue
- Clinical Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-199
- ISSN
- 0144-5979 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2281
- OpenAlex
- W1975089916
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, autonomic nervous system, autonomic dysfunction, heart rate, parasympathetic function, sympathetic function, orthostatic blood pressure, antipsychotic drugs, attentional orienting, deep inspiration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Autonomic Nervous System, Female, Humans, Male, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Reflex, Schizophrenia, Sympathetic Nervous System, Antipsychotic Agents
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