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Assessing Extinction Threats: Toward a Reevaluation of IUCN Threatened Species Categories

MACE, GEORGINA M., LANDE, RUSSELL·1991·Conservation Biology

Abstract

Abstract: IUCN categories of threat (Endangered Vulnerable, Rare, Indeterminate, and others) are widely used in‘Red lists’of endangered species and have become an important tool in conservation action at international, national, regional, and thematic levels. The existing definitions are largely subjective, and as a result, categorizations made by different authorities diyfer and my not accurately reflect actual extinction risks. We present proposals to redefine categories in tams of the probability of extinction within a specific time period based on the theory of extinction times for single populations and on meaningful time scales for conservation action. Three categories are proposed (CRITICAL, ENDANGE‐, VULNERABLE) with decreasing levels of threat over increasing time scales for species estimated to have at least a 10% probability of extinction within 100 years. The process of assigning species to categories may need to vay among different taxonomic groups, but we present some simple qualitative criteria based on population biology theory, which we suggest are appropriate at least for most large vertebrates. The process of assessing threat is clearly distinguished from that of setting priorities for conservation action, and only the former is discussed here. Resumen: La categorización de la Uniôn Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) de las especies amenazadas (en peligro, vulnerables, raras, indeteminadas y otras) son ampliamente utilizadas en las Listas Rojas de especies en peligro y se ban convertido en una herramienta importante para las acciones de conservacion al nivel internacional, nacional, regional y temático. Las definiciones de las categorias existentes son muy subjetivas y, como resultado, las categorizaciones hechas por diferentes autores dvieren y quizás no reflejen con certeza el riesgo real de extinción. Presentamos propuestas para re‐definir las categoryías en términos de la probabilidad de extinción dentro de un períod de tiempo especifico. Las propuestas estan basadas en la teoría del tiempo de extinción para poblaciones individuales y en escalas de tiempo que tengan significado para las acciones de conservación. Se proponen tres categoryías (CRITICA, EN PELIGRO, VULNERABLE) con niveles decrecientes de amenaza sobre escalas de tiempo en aumento para especies que se estima tengan cuando ménos un 10% deprobabilidad de extinción en 100 años. El proceso de asignar especies a categoryías puede que necesite variar dentro de los diferentes grupos taxóndmicos pero nosotros presentamos algunos criterios cualitativos simples basados en la teoría de la biología de las poblaciones, las cuales suger‐imos son apropiadas para cuando ménos la mayoría de los grandes vertebrados. El proceso de evaluar la amenaza se distingue claramente del de definir las prioridades para las acciones de conservación, sólamente el primero se discute aquí.

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Metadata

Authors
MACE, G. M., & LANDE, R.
Venue
Conservation Biology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1991-06
Volume
5
Issue
2
Pages
148-157
ISSN
  • 0888-8892 (ISSN-L)
  • 1523-1739
OpenAlex
W2000160163
Cited by
888
References
0
FWCI
35.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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MACE, G. M., & LANDE, R. (1991). Assessing Extinction Threats: Toward a Reevaluation of IUCN Threatened Species Categories. Conservation Biology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00119.x

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