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Distribution of Pyramidal Cell Density and Hyperexcitability in the Epileptic Human Hippocampal Formation

Babb, Thomas L., Lieb, Jeffrey P., Brown, W. Jann, Pretorius, James, Crandall, Paul H.·1984·Epilepsia

Abstract

Summary: Pyramidal cell densities in various regions of the anterior and posterior hippocampal formation were measured from en bloc temporal lobe resections and compared with presurgical stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) data derived from depth electrodes in 12 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. These data were compared with cell densities observed in four nonepileptic control patients. Patients who consistently exhibited anterior focal changes in the SEEG accompanying onset of ictus had cell densities that were selectively reduced in the anterior hippocampal formation but normal with respect to controls in the posterior hippocampal formation. Patients who exhibited more regional changes in the SEEG at onset of ictus had reduced cell densities in both the anterior and posterior hippocampal formation. Patients who exhibited focal spike activity in the anterior hippocampal formation as their predominant interictal SEEG pattern also had selectively reduced cell densities in the anterior hippocampal formation, while patients with widespread spiking throughout the hippocampal formation had reduced cell densities both anteriorly and posteriorly. These data support the concept that epileptogen‐esis occurs in or near those areas of epileptic hippocampus that are most damaged. Hippocampal sclerosis must be viewed as related to adjacent hyperexcitable or epileptogenic neurons and not solely as a passive result of repeated anoxia or ischemia. RESUMEN: En 12 pacientes con epilepsía del lóbulo temporal se midieron las densidades de las células piramidales en varias regiones del hipocampo anterior y posterior, obtenidas mediante resecciones en bloque del lóbulo temporal, y se compararon con la informatión de los SEEG prequirúrgicos registrados con electrodos profundos. Estos datos se compararon con las densidades celulares observadas en 4 enfermos control, no epilépticos. Los enfermos que le modo persistente mostraron cambios focales anteriores en el SEEG, simultáneos con el comienzo los ataques, mostraron densidades celulares que estaban reducidas selecti‐vamente en la formation hipocámpica anterior pero que eran normales con respecto a los contróles en la formación hipocámpica posterior. Los enfermos que mostraron mas cambios régionales en el SEEG durante el comienzo del ataque mostraron una reduction de la densidad celular en ambas formaciones hi‐pocámpicas anterior y posterior. Los enfermos que mostraron una actividad de puntas en la formación hipocámpica anterior como patron prédominante del SEEG interictal, también mostraron selectivamente densidades celulares reducidas en la formación hipocámpica anterior mientras que los pacientes con puntas diseminadas por la formación hipocámpica tenïan densidades celulares reducidas tanto en zonas anteriores como post‐eriores. Estos datos apoyan el concepto de que la epileptogén‐esis ocurre en aquellas areas del hipocampo epiléptico que esta más lesionado o en su vecindad. La esclerosis hipocámpica debe ser considerada en relación con neuronas adyacentes epilepto‐génicas o hiperexcitables y no solamente como un resultado pa‐sivo de isquemia o anoxia repetidas. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Die Dichte der Pyramidenzellen wurde in verschiedenen Ge‐genden des vorderen und hinteren Hippokampus gemessen. Dazu diente en bloc resezierter Temporallappen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit SEEG‐Daten verglichen, die vor der Operation durch Tiefenelektrodenableitungen bei 12 Patienten mith Tem‐porallappenepilepsie gewonnen wurden. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit der Zelldichte verglichen, die bei 4 nicht‐epileptischen Kon‐trollpatienten ermittelt wurden. Patienten, die beständig fokale Veränderungen im SEEG der vorderen Gegend zeigten, die den Anfallsbeginn begleiteten, zeigten eine selektive reduzierte Zelldichte in der vorderen Hippokampusformation; gegenüber Kontrollen war die hintere Hippokampusformation normal. Bei Patienten, die eher rëgionale Veränderungen beim Anfallsbeginn im SEEG zeigten, fand man sowohl in der vorderen wie in der hinteren Hippokampusformation eine reduzierte Zelldichte. Bei Patienten, die als ihr vorherrschendes interiktales SEEG‐Muster eine fokale spike‐Aktivität in der vorderen Hippokapusformation boten, fand man auch eine selektiv reduzierte Zelldichte in der vorderen Hippokampusformation. Bei Patienten mit ausgedehn‐teren spikes im Gebiet der gesamten Hippokampusformation war die Zelldichte sowohl in den vorderen wie in den hinteren Abschnitten reduziert. Diese Ergebnisse unterstützen das Konzept, daß die epileptische Erregung ihren Ursprung in oder in der Nähe der am stärksten geschädigten Gegenden des Hippb‐kampus hat. Eine Hippokampussklerose muß zur Hyperexcita‐bilität oder Epileptogenität benachbarter Neurone in Beziehung gesetze werden; sie stellte nicht lediglich das Ergebnis einer wiederholten Anoxie oder Ischämie dar.

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Metadata

Authors
Babb, T. L., Lieb, J. P., Brown, W. J., Pretorius, J., & Crandall, P. H.
Venue
Epilepsia
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1984-12
Volume
25
Issue
6
Pages
721-728
ISSN
  • 0013-9580 (ISSN-L)
  • 1528-1167
OpenAlex
W2048145476
Cited by
266
References
1
FWCI
5.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Distribution of Pyramidal Cell Density and Hyperexcitability in the Epileptic Human Hippocampal Formation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb03483.x
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Babb, T. L., Lieb, J. P., Brown, W. J., Pretorius, J., & Crandall, P. H. (1984). Distribution of Pyramidal Cell Density and Hyperexcitability in the Epileptic Human Hippocampal Formation. Epilepsia. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb03483.x

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