Efficacy of a Comprehensive Geriatric Intervention in Older Patients Hospitalized for Hip Fracture: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate whether an early multidisciplinary geriatric intervention in elderly patients with hip fracture reduced length of stay, morbidity, and mortality and improved functional evolution. Design: Randomized, controlled intervention trial. Setting: Orthopedic ward in a university hospital. Participants: Three hundred nineteen patients aged 65 and older hospitalized for hip fracture surgery. Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned to a daily multidisciplinary geriatric intervention (n=155) or usual care (n=164) during hospitalization in the acute phase of hip fracture. Measurements: Primary endpoints were in‐hospital length of stay and incidence of death or major medical complications. Secondary endpoints were the rate of recovery of previous activities of daily living and ambulation ability at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: Median length of stay was 16 days in the geriatric intervention group and 18 days in the usual care group ( P= .06). Patients assigned to the geriatric intervention showed a lower in‐hospital mortality (0.6% vs 5.8%, P= .03) and major medical complications rate (45.2% vs 61.7%, P= .003). After adjustment for confounding variables, geriatric intervention was associated with a 45% lower probability of death or major complications (95% confidence interval=7–68%). More patients in the geriatric intervention group achieved a partial recovery at 3 months (57% vs 44%, P= .03), but there were no differences between the groups at 6 and 12 months. Conclusion: Early multidisciplinary daily geriatric care reduces in‐hospital mortality and medical complications in elderly patients with hip fracture, but there is not a significant effect on length of hospital stay or long‐term functional recovery.