The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Agreement Between Nosologist and Cardiovascular Health Study Review of Deaths: Implications of Coding Differences
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare nosologist coding of underlying cause of death according to the death certificate with adjudicated cause of death for subjects aged 65 and older in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: Four communities: Forsyth County, North Carolina (Wake Forest University); Sacramento County, California (University of California at Davis); Washington County, Maryland (Johns Hopkins University); and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (University of Pittsburgh). PARTICIPANTS: Men and women aged 65 and older participating in CHS, a longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke, who died through June 2004. MEASUREMENTS: The CHS centrally adjudicated underlying cause of death for 3,194 fatal events from June 1989 to June 2004 using medical records, death certificates, proxy interviews, and autopsies, and results were compared with underlying cause of death assigned by a trained nosologist based on death certificate only. RESULTS: Comparison of 3,194 CHS versus nosologist underlying cause of death revealed moderate agreement except for cancer (kappa=0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.89–0.93). kappas varied according to category (coronary heart disease, kappa=0.61, 95% CI=0.58–0.64; stroke, kappa=0.59, 95% CI=0.54–0.64; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kappa=0.58, 95% CI=0.51–0.65; dementia, kappa=0.40, 95% CI=0.34–0.45; and pneumonia, kappa=0.35, 95% CI=0.29–0.42). Differences between CHS and nosologist coding of dementia were found especially in older ages in the sex and race categories. CHS attributed 340 (10.6%) deaths due to dementia, whereas nosologist coding attributed only 113 (3.5%) to dementia as the underlying cause. CONCLUSION: Studies that use only death certificates to determine cause of death may result in misclassification and potential bias. Changing trends in cause‐specific mortality in older individuals may be a function of classification process rather than incidence and case fatality.
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“pneumonia (infection of the lungs), which is the most commonly identified immediate cause of death among older adults with Alzheimer's or other dementias.”
From 2023 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2023) · cites this paper as [378]
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“Death certificates for individuals with Alzheimer's often list acute conditions such as pneumonia as the primary cause of death rather than Alzheimer's.”
From 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2024) · cites this paper as [408]
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“Severe dementia frequently causes complications such as immobility, swallowing disorders and malnutrition that significantly increase the risk of acute conditions that can cause death.”
From 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2024) · cites this paper as [408]
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“One such condition is pneumonia (infection of the lungs), which is the most commonly identified immediate cause of death among older adults with Alzheimer's or other dementias.”
From 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2024) · cites this paper as [408]
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Cites
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652
Self-citationSurveillance and ascertainment of cardiovascular events
Ives, D. G., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Bild, D. E., Psaty, B. M., Kuller, L. H., Crowley, P. M., Cruise, R. G., & Theroux, S. (1995) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(94)00093-9 · Cited by 688
Self-citationRecruitment of adults 65 years and older as participants in the cardiovascular health study
Tell, G. S., Fried, L. P., Hermanson, B., Manolio, T. A., Newman, A. B., & Borhani, N. O. (1993) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(93)90062-9 · Cited by 558
Measuring The Health Of Nations: Updating An Earlier Analysis
Nolte, E., & McKee, M. (2008) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.27.1.58 · Cited by 465
Methods of assessing prevalent cardiovascular disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study
Psaty, B. M., Kuller, L. H., Bild, D. E., Burke, G. L., Kittner, S. J., Mittelmark, M. B., Price, T. R., Rautaharju, P. M., & Robbins, J. B. (1995) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(94)00092-8 · Cited by 446
Self-citationAvoidable mortality in New Zealand, 1981–97
Tobias, M. I., & Jackson, G. (2001) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00543.x · Cited by 144
Lakkireddy, D. R., Gowda, M. S., Murray, C. W., Basarakodu, K. R., & Vacek, J. L. (2004) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.04.018 · Cited by 135
Comparing hospital discharge records with death certificates: Can the differences be explained?
Johansson, L. A., & Westerling, R. (2002) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.56.4.301 · Cited by 125
Trends in Causes of Death Among the Elderly
Sahyoun, N. R., Lentzner, H. R., Hoyert, D. L., & Robinson, K. N. (2001) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e620692007-001 · Cited by 118
Reporting of Dementia on Death Certificates: A Community Study
Ganguli, M., & Rodríguez, E. (1999) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb03842.x · Cited by 117
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 1996, International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision Clinical Modification
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Sorted by citations
2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Alzheimer's Association (2016) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.03.001 · Cited by 5,069
2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Thies, W. H., & Bleiler, L. (2013) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.02.003 · Cited by 3,372
2023 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
(2023) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13016 · Cited by 3,212
2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
(2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13809 · Cited by 2,536
2019 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures.
Alzheimer's Association (2019) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.010 · Cited by 2,461
Metadata
- Authors
- Ives, D. G., Samuel, P., Psaty, B. M., & Kuller, L. H.
- Affiliations
- Group Health Cooperative (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12-31
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 133-139
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC2631612
- OpenAlex
- W2142266325
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc085082-026, n01hc085081-021, n01hc085079-024, n01hc015103-009, n01hc085084-005, n01hc085085-011, n01hc085083-027, n01hc085080-026, n01hc085086-022, n01hc55222-0-0-0, n01hc035129-010)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC-85081, N01HC85085, N01 HC085086, N01HC-85083, N01 HC085079, N01HC85082, N01 HC85086, N01 HC035129, N01HC85080, N01 HC015103, N01 HC55222, U01HL080295, N01 HC055222, N01-HC85079, N01-HC85084)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Keywords
- underlying cause of death, death certificate coding, misclassification bias, dementia mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, stroke mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia mortality, older adults, Cardiovascular Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Coronary Disease, Death Certificates, Female, Forms and Records Control, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Stroke
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