The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999
Abstract
Empirical studies measuring the impact of globalization on social spending have appeared recently in leading journals. This study seeks to improve upon previous work by (1) employing a more sophisticated and comprehensive measure of financial openness; (2) using a more accurate measure of trade openness based on purchasing power parities; and (3) relying on social spending data that are more complete than those used by previous studies on Latin America. Our estimates suggest that several empirical patterns reported in previous work deserve a second look. We find that trade openness has a positive association with education and social security expenditures, that financial openness does not constrain government outlays for social programs, and that democracy has a strong positive association with social spending, particularly on items that bolster human capital formation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The third wave: democratization in the late twentieth century
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-4135 · Cited by 7,983
Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition.
Ericson, J. E., & Dahl, R. A. (1972) · American Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2711442 · Cited by 7,203
What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data
Beck, N., & Katz, J. N. (1995) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2082979 · Cited by 6,840
The New Politics of the Welfare State
(2001) · doi:10.1093/0198297564.001.0001 · Cited by 3,228
Why do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?
Rodrik, D. (1998) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/250038 · Cited by 3,152
Has Globalization Gone Too Far?
Rodrik, D. (1998) · Challenge · doi:10.1080/05775132.1998.11472025 · Cited by 2,464
The logic of comparative social inquiry
Przeworski, A., & Teune, H. (1970) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,120
Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets
Huber, E., & Stephens, J. D. (2001) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226356495.001.0001 · Cited by 2,081
The Expansion of the Public Economy: A Comparative Analysis
Cameron, D. R. (1978) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1954537 · Cited by 2,078
Partisan Politics in the Global Economy
Garrett, G. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511625633 · Cited by 1,873
Cited by
Politics and Social Spending in Latin America
Huber, E., Mustillo, T., & Stephens, J. D. (2008) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0022381608080407 · Cited by 299
Gaming Democracy: Elite Dominance during Transition and the Prospects for Redistribution
Albertus, M., & Menaldo, V. (2014) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123413000124 · Cited by 242
Metadata
- Authors
- Avelino, G., Brown, D. S., & Hunter, W.
- Venue
- American Journal of Political Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-05-18
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 625-641
- ISSN
- 0092-5853 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-5907
- OpenAlex
- W1987658635
- Cited by
- 395
- References
- 54
- FWCI
- 61.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00146.x
- The paper
- Avelino, G., Brown, D. S., & Hunter, W. (2005). The Effects of Capital Mobility, Trade Openness, and Democracy on Social Spending in Latin America, 1980–1999. American Journal of Political Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00146.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
