The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using Experiments to Estimate the Effects of Education on Voter Turnout
Abstract
The powerful relationship between education and voter turnout is arguably the most well‐documented and robust finding in American survey research. Yet the causal interpretation of this relationship remains controversial, with many authors suggesting that the apparent link between education and turnout is spurious. In contrast to previous work, which has relied on observational data to assess the effect of education on voter turnout, this article analyzes two randomized experiments and one quasi‐experiment in which educational attainment was altered exogenously. We track the children in these experiments over the long term, examining their voting rates as adults. In all three studies, we find that exogenously induced changes in high school graduation rates have powerful effects on voter turnout rates. These results imply that the correlation between education and turnout is indeed causal. We discuss some of the pathways by which education may transmit its influence.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Putnam, R. (2000) · doi:10.1145/358916.361990 · Cited by 17,114
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009) · doi:10.1515/9781400829828 · Cited by 9,467
Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion
Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2008) · doi:10.2307/j.ctvcm4j72 · Cited by 5,051
Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables
Angrist, J. D., Imbens, G. W., & Rubin, D. B. (1996) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1996.10476902 · Cited by 4,230
Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects
Imbens, G. W., & Angrist, J. D. (1994) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2951620 · Cited by 4,101
Process Analysis: Estimating Mediation in Treatment Evaluations
Judd, C. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1981) · Evaluation Review · doi:10.1177/0193841x8100500502 · Cited by 2,442
Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of Electoral Competition in Established Democracies since 1945
Franklin, M. N., Eijk, C. V. D., Evans, D., Fotos, M., Hirczy de Mino, W., Marsh, M., & Wessels, B. (2004) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511616884 · Cited by 1,421
The Myth of the Vanishing Voter
McDonald, M. P., & Popkin, S. L. (2001) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055400400134 · Cited by 448
Small Classes in the Early Grades, Academic Achievement, and Graduating From High School.
Finn, J. D., Gerber, S. B., & Boyd-Zaharias, J. (2005) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.97.2.214 · Cited by 223
Attitudes toward Desegregation
Hyman, H. H., & Sheatsley, P. B. (1956) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1256-35 · Cited by 195
Cited by
The embarrassment of riches? A meta-analysis of individual-level research on voter turnout
Smets, K., & van Ham, C. (2013) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2012.12.006 · Cited by 799
Political institutions, voter turnout, and policy outcomes
Fumagalli, E., & Narciso, G. (2012) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.10.002 · Cited by 75
Testing the Participation Hypothesis: Evidence from Participatory Budgeting
Johnson, C., Carlson, H. J., & Reynolds, S. (2023) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-021-09679-w · Cited by 46
Wuttke, A. (2020) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-019-09801-w · Cited by 15
Han, K. J. (2022) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/ssqu.13228 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Sondheimer, R. M., & Green, D. P.
- Venue
- American Journal of Political Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-12-28
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 174-189
- ISSN
- 0092-5853 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-5907
- OpenAlex
- W2040403662
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 44.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
