The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Subthreshold depression as a risk indicator for major depressive disorder: a systematic review of prospective studies
Open accessAbstract
Objective: In order to examine whether the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is increased in subjects with subthreshold depression, or sD (clinically relevant depressive symptoms, without meeting criteria for a full‐blown MDD), we conducted a review of prospective studies examining the incidence of MDD in subjects with sD. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted. For all studies, the relative risk of developing MDD was calculated, based on person‐years. Results: Twenty studies (23 comparisons) were found, based on community samples, general medical patients and high‐risk subjects. Most comparisons showed that subjects with sD had a consistently larger chance of developing MDD. The studies differed considerably in the definition of sD, the recency (occurrence of the last sD) and the in‐/exclusion of lifetime MDD. Conclusion: The incidence of MDD in subjects with sD is larger than in subjects without sD. Otherwise, the concept of sD is too broad to be used. In future studies, some consensus should be reached regarding the definition of sD.
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“Prospective epidemiologic studies report much higher lifetime prevalence of major depression in the range of 30-40%. 141”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [141]
In the citing paper
“Most estimates of lifetime prevalence of depression are based on retrospective reports and need to be interpreted with caution as they are likely to underestimate true lifetime prevalence. 141”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [141]
In the citing paper
“It is highly related to a subject’s mental state and the risk of developing depression [19,20].”
From Mobile Sensing and Support for People With Depression: A Pilot Trial in the Wild (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
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Cites
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Robins, L. N. (1988) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003 · Cited by 2,909
Depression, Disability Days, and Days Lost From Work in a Prospective Epidemiologic Survey
Broadhead, W. E. (1990) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1990.03450190056028 · Cited by 1,232
The Nature and Course of Depression Following Myocardial Infarction
Schleifer, S. J. (1989) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1989.00390080059014 · Cited by 742
Clarke, G. N., Hawkins, W., Murphy, M., Sheeber, L. B., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199503000-00016 · Cited by 672
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The Course of Depression in Adult Outpatients: Results From the Medical Outcomes Study
Wells, K. B. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820100032007 · Cited by 475
Symptoms versus a diagnosis of depression: Differences in psychosocial functioning.
Gotlib, I. H., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.63.1.90 · Cited by 459
Depressive Symptoms as Relative and Attributable Risk Factors for First-Onset Major Depression
Horwath, E. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820100061011 · Cited by 456
Judd, L. L., Akiskal, H. S., & Paulus, M. P. (1997) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00055-4 · Cited by 444
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Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission
Herrman, H., Patel, V., Kieling, C., Berk, M., Buchweitz, C., Cuijpers, P., Furukawa, T. A., Kessler, R. C., Kohrt, B. A., Maj, M., et al. (2022) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02141-3 · Cited by 1,104
Self-citationMarx, W., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Solmi, M., Furukawa, T. A., Firth, J., Carvalho, A. F., & Berk, M. (2023) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-023-00454-1 · Cited by 910
“Moreover, subthreshold symptoms are a risk factor for future MDD diagnosis, with an estimated 3.8–18.9% of individuals with subthreshold symptoms progressing to MDD within 1–3 years in some studies 136,137 .”
InfluentialSubthreshold Depression in Adolescence and Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood
Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., Ridder, E. M., & Beautrais, A. L. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.1.66 · Cited by 792
Meeks, T. W., Vahia, I. V., Lavretsky, H., Kulkarni, G., & Jeste, D. V. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.09.015 · Cited by 569
“Cuijpers et al. reviewed studies assessing risk of developing MDD among community-dwelling (CD) adults of all ages with SubD and found the relative risk (RR) ranged from 1.15 to 9.73 (median 4.43) (Cuijpers and Smit, 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialDefinitions and factors associated with subthreshold depressive conditions: a systematic review
Rodríguez, M. R., Nuevo, R., Chatterji, S., & Ayuso‐Mateos, J. L. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-181 · Cited by 390
“e [4-6].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Cuijpers, P., & Smit, F.
- Affiliations
- Trimbos Institute (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Cuijpers, P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-03-28
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 325-331
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2139095467
- Cited by
- 595
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 1.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- subthreshold depression, major depressive disorder, depression incidence, risk factors, prospective study, relative risk, community sample, vulnerable populations
- MeSH terms
- Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Humans, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index
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