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A comparison of airborne ergosterol, glucan and Air-O-Cell data in relation to physical assessments of mold damage and some other parameters
Open accessAbstract
UNLABELLED: We report here a comparison of long duration air samples in 110 homes where the material collected on open faced filter cassettes was analyzed for beta 1,3-d glucan, ergosterol, cholesterol and endotoxin. These data were then compared to careful estimates of visible mold and Air-O-Cell data. All the values found except cholesterol were of a similar magnitude to values reported in the limited number of studies available. Glucan was measured with a factor G based assay of the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate followed by size exclusion chromatography. This showed that the majority of airborne glucan found in these houses was fungal in origin arising from both yeasts and intact spores, as well as hyphal and spore fragments. Hyphal and spore fragments together represented 16% of the intact spore counts but over a broad range. Correlations between airborne glucan were strong for ergosterol and visible mold. However, airborne ergosterol was more highly correlated to visible mold than glucan. Endotoxin and Air-O-Cell measurements were poorly or not related to the other measures in the study. This study provides confidence that long duration air samples of the toxin glucan and ergosterol are related to building damage. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Some studies of damp buildings have shown a relationship between extent of water/mold damage and symptoms. This study compared long duration air samples for glucan and ergosterol to extent of visible mold in houses measuring also the nature of the glucans present. Both measures were highly correlated to extent of visible mold damage in the houses; ergosterol was somewhat superior. Spore counts or prevalence of Asp/Pen in Air-O-Cell samples was not related to extent of visible mold damage but the observation of hyphal fragments was more likely when mold damage was present. This indicates that rigorous assessment of mold damage is a useful measure.
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“Recent studies have shown that exposure to fungi occurs also through sub-micrometer fungal fragments (Foto et al. 2005; Gorny et al. 2002; Green et al. 2005).”
From Mold and Endotoxin Levels in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: A Pilot Project of Homes in New Orleans Undergoing Renovation (2006) · cites this paper as Foto et al. 2005
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Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Chew, G. L., Wilson, J., Rabito, F. A., Grimsley, F., Iqbal, S., Reponen, T., Muilenberg, M. L., Thorne, P. S., Dearborn, D. G., & Morley, R. L. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9258 · Cited by 140
“Recent studies have shown that exposure to fungi occurs also through submicrometer fungal fragments (Foto et al. 2005; Gorny et al. 2002; Green et al. 2005).”
BackgroundA two-stage cyclone using microcentrifuge tubes for personal bioaerosol sampling.
Lindsley, W. G., Schmechel, D., & Chen, B. T. (2006) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b609083d · Cited by 117
Metadata
- Authors
- Foto, M., Vrijmoed, L. L. P., Miller, J. D., Ruest, K., Lawton, M., & Dales, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Carleton University (CA)
- City University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CA)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, J. D.
- Venue
- Indoor Air
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 257-266
- ISSN
- 0905-6947 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0668
- OpenAlex
- W2168854465
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Indoor Air (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Government of Ontario
- Government of Canada
- Health Canada
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Natural Resources Canada
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Building materials and conservation
- Keywords
- β-1,3-glucan, endotoxin, cholesterol, fungal spores, hyphal fragments, damp buildings, mycotoxins, Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, indoor air quality
- MeSH terms
- Chromatography, Gel, Construction Materials, Environmental Monitoring, Ergosterol, Filtration, Fungi, Glucans, Housing, Spores, Water, Yeasts, Air Pollution, Indoor
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