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Review article: Animal bites: An update for management with a focus on infections
Abstract
Animal bites are a significant public health problem, with an estimated 2% of the population bitten each year. The majority of bites are from dogs and risk factors include young children, men, certain dog breeds and unrestrained dogs. The risk of infection following bites differs among animal species and is dependent on animal dentition and oral flora. Recent studies have demonstrated a broad range of pathogens isolated from infected bite wounds, with Pasteurella species being the predominant isolate from dog and cat bite wounds. Controversy exists about the use of prophylactic antibiotics; however, they are currently only recommended for high-risk bite wounds. Two fatal cases of Australian bat lyssavirus have been reported and bats are the only identified reservoir in Australia. All bat bites are of high risk and should receive post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies. Workers handling bats should be offered routine immunization.
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“This could result in rat bite fever in humans, an infection with Streptobacillus monoliformis or Spirillum minus, characterized by the triad of fever, rash, and arthritis [169].”
From A One Health Perspective on the Human-Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects. (2020) · cites this paper as [169]
In the citing paper
“In a review it is reported that 28%–80% of cat bites become infected mostly by Pasteurella multocida [169].”
From A One Health Perspective on the Human-Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects. (2020) · cites this paper as [169]
In the citing paper
“Even less frequently reported animal biting incidents are those inflicted by rodents (2% of cases in Australia). These bites have an infection rate of approximately 10%.”
From A One Health Perspective on the Human-Companion Animal Relationship with Emphasis on Zoonotic Aspects. (2020) · cites this paper as [169]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dendle, C., & Looke, D.
- Affiliations
- Austin Hospital (AU)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Looke, David
- ORCID
- Dendle, Claire
- Venue
- Emergency Medicine Australasia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 458-467
- ISSN
- 1035-6851 (ISSN-L)
- 1742-6731
- 1742-6723
- OpenAlex
- W2019927237
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Emergency Medicine Australasia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Rabies epidemiology and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Dermatological diseases and infestations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- animal bites, bite wound infection, dog bites, cat bites, Pasteurella, antibiotic prophylaxis, bat bites, Australian bat lyssavirus, rabies post-exposure prophylaxis, oral microbiota
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Australia, Bites and Stings, Humans, Wound Infection
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