The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Public Health Ethics: From Foundations and Frameworks to Justice and Global Public Health
Abstract
Public health ethics in the future will be distinguished from public health ethics in the past by this new subfield being labeled as such, acknowledged, and called upon for service. Ethical dilemmas have been present throughout the history of public health. The question of whether to force Henning Jacobson to be immunized in 1905 in accordance with the 1902 Massachusetts smallpox vaccination law was one of ethics as well as law. How Thomas Parran, Surgeon General in 1936, chose to respond to a raging syphilis epidemic in the United States in the early part of the 2W century raised considerable moral debate in determining the appropriate public health response for a government? More recently, questions have arisen concerning the appropriate reach of government in controlling HIV banning smoking, or promoting healthy lifestyles. Debates over government infringement, morality, and justice recur throughout the history of public health.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The pursuit of public health objectives can lead to de-prioritizing some individual liberties.
“However, the pursuit of public health objectives can lead to de-prioritizing some individual liberties (Karim 2025; Kass 2004).”
From Ethical Principles in Legal Context: Vaccine Mandates During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia (2026) · cites this paper as Kass 2004
Citations
Cites
The Concepts and Principles of Equity and Health
Whitehead, M. (1992) · International Journal of Health Services · doi:10.2190/986l-lhq6-2vte-yrrn · Cited by 2,284
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 73
- 10.1057/palgrave.sth.8700005 · DOI
- 10.2307/3561766 · DOI
- 1988, Final Report
- 10.1162/152651601300168834 · DOI
- Daniels, 1981, “Health-Care Needs and Distributive Justice.”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 10, 146
- Callahan, 1988, Setting Limits: Medical Goals in an Aging Society
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08097-2 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)92337-7 · DOI
- 10.1016/0277-9536(83)90007-2 · DOI
- 2002, World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life
- 10.2190/DGJ8-4MQW-UP9J-LQC1 · DOI
- 10.1136/bmj.314.7086.1037 · DOI
- 12. Society for Public Health Education. “Code of Ethics for the Health Education Profession.” Section 4 (1976) revised 1977, 1983, 1992, at <http://www.sophe.org/about/ethics.html> (last visited May 8, 2004).
- 10.1177/109019817800600206 · DOI
- 10.1093/jmp/4.2.118 · DOI
- 10.1016/0091-7435(81)90026-8 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0168-8510(01)00121-X · DOI
- Wilkinson, 1996, Unhealthy Societies: The Afflictions of Inequality, 59
- Beauchamp, 1979, Principles of Biomedical Ethics
- 10.1146/annurev.pu.12.050191.002003 · DOI
- 10.1136/jech.57.4.254 · DOI
- 10.1177/109019818701400105 · DOI
- 10.1177/109019817800600203 · DOI
- 10.2307/3349651 · DOI
- 1999, Toward Environmental Justice: Research, Education, and Health Policy Needs
- 10.2307/3561098 · DOI
- Brandt, 1985, No Magic Bullet: A Social History of Venereal Disease in the United States Since 1880
- Daniels, 2000, “Benchmarks of Fairness for Health Care Reform: A Policy Tool for Developing Countries,”, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78, 740
- 10.1377/hlthaff.21.6.131 · DOI
- 10.2307/3349651 · DOI
- Russell, 1986, Is Prevention Better than Cure?
- Lappe, 1986, Maxcy-Rosenau Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 1867
- 1986, Confronting AIDS: Directions for Public Health, Health Care, and Research
- 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2002.tb00384.x · DOI
- Fee, 1977, Principles of Public Health Practice, 10
- Fox, 1987, “Effect of HIV Antibody Disclosure on Subsequent Sexual Activity in Homosexual Men,”, AIDS, 1, 241
- 10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1776 · DOI
- 1988, The Future of Public Health
- Peter, 2001, Challenging Inequities in Health: From Ethics to Action, 25
- Wilson, 1968, Public Health Papers, 34, 3
- Pogge, 2003, Health, Ethics, and Equity
- 10.1016/0091-7435(81)90026-8 · DOI
- 10.1056/NEJM199105303242208 · DOI
- 76. Singer, P. , One World: The Ethics of Globalization (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002)
- By contrast, Ilona Kickbush notes that focusing arguments to reduce global poverty on self-interest may be strategic in the short run, but will not be as effective in the long run. It has been argued that the United States should commit funds to global public health in order to save the millions of dollars associated with global diseases increasingly affecting Americans, or the costs of global social unrest, terrorism, and violence borne out of poverty and poor health. Justifying aid this way, Kickbush suggests, has resulted in the United States moving out of multilateral public health and aid efforts and "reinforcing global unilateralism at a time when many of the health issues require a truly global response and the cooperation of many actors". Kickbush, I. , "Influence and Opportunity: Reflections on the U.S. Role in Global Public Health," Health Affairs Nov./Dec. (2002): 131-141. · DOI
- 10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1776 · DOI
- Blank, 1988, Rationing Medicine
- Pellegrino, 1988, For the Patient’s Own Good
- 10.1093/jmp/8.4.373 · DOI
- Diderichsen, 2001, Challenging Inequities in Health: Prom Ethics to Action, 13
- 27. Centers for Disease Control, “Current Trends Prevention of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Report of Inter-Agency Recommendations,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 32, no., 8 (1983): 101–3.
- 10.1177/109019818701400105 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13917-7 · DOI
- Glanz, 1997, Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice
- 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112372 · DOI
- 10.1136/jech.44.4.265 · DOI
- Pogge, 2001, Global Justice, 15
- 10.1016/S1047-2797(01)00302-7 · DOI
- Rawls, 1971, A Theory of Justice, 10, 283, 10.4159/9780674042605 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3109/10826087109045529 · DOI
- 10.1159/000189401 · DOI
- Beauchamp, 1976, “Public Health as Social Justice,”, Inquiry, 13, 1
- Berkman, 2000, Social Epidemiology, 10.1093/oso/9780195083316.001.0001 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/0003-066X.43.11.859 · DOI
- Jonsen, 1998, The Birth of Bioethics, 10.1093/oso/9780195103250.001.0001 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09465-5 · DOI
- Churchill, 1983, Securing Access to Health Care: The Ethical Implications of Differences in the Availability of Health Services, 1
- 10.2307/3562099 · DOI
- 10.1186/1475-9276-1-1 · DOI
- 10.1097/00002030-198903000-00001 · DOI
- Casarett, 1999, Guidelines for Defining Public Health Research and Public Health Non-Research
- 1983, Securing Access to Health Care: The Ethical Implications of Differences in the Availability of Health Services, 1
- Diderichsen, 2001, Challenging Inequities in Health: From Ethics to Action
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ethical Principles in Legal Context: Vaccine Mandates During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia
Thomasson, A., Williams, J., Drislane, S., & Rizzi, M. (2026) · Journal of Bioethical Inquiry · doi:10.1007/s11673-026-10570-8 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Kass, N. E.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kass, Nancy E.
- ORCID
- Kass, Nancy E.
- Venue
- Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 232-242
- ISSN
- 1073-1105 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-720X
- OpenAlex
- W2088392905
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophical Ethics and Theory
- Keywords
- public health ethics, history of public health, syphilis epidemic, HIV/AIDS, smoking bans, state intervention, justice, global public health, ethics and law
- MeSH terms
- Bioethics, Health Promotion, Humans, Public Health, Social Justice, Global Health, Bioethical Issues, Resource Allocation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review