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Evidence for a Spinal Central Pattern Generator in Humansa
Abstract
A bstract: Non‐patterned electrical stimulation of the posterior structures of the lumbar spinal cord in subjects with complete, long‐standing spinal cord injury, can induce patterned, locomotor‐like activity. We show that epidural spinal cord stimulation can elicit step‐like EMG activity and locomotor synergies in paraplegic subjects. An electrical train of stimuli applied over the second lumbar segment with a frequency of 25 to 60 Hz and an amplitude of 5‐9 V was effective in inducing rhythmic, alternating stance and swing phases of the lower limbs. This finding suggests that spinal circuitry in humans has the capability of generating locomotor‐like activity even when isolated from brain control, and that externally controlled sustained electrical stimulation of the spinal cord can replace the tonic drive generated by the brain.
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Harkema, S., Gerasimenko, Y., Hodes, J., Burdick, J., Angeli, C., Chen, Y., Ferreira, C., Willhite, A., Rejc, E., Grossman, R. G., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60547-3 · Cited by 1,229
Self-citationTransformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input
Courtine, G., Gerasimenko, Y., van den Brand, R., Yew, A., Musienko, P., Zhong, H., Song, B., Ao, Y., Ichiyama, R. M., Lavrov, I., et al. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2401 · Cited by 706
Self-citationCerebellar contributions to locomotor adaptations during splitbelt treadmill walking
Morton, S. M., & Bastian, A. J. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2622-06.2006 · Cited by 619
Gill, M. L., Grahn, P. J., Calvert, J. S., Linde, M. B., Lavrov, I. A., Strommen, J. A., Beck, L. A., Sayenko, D. G., Van Straaten, M. G., Drubach, D. I., et al. (2018) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0175-7 · Cited by 574
Self-citationRowald, A., Komi, S., Demesmaeker, R., Baaklini, E., Hernandez-Charpak, S. D., Paoles, E., Montanaro, H., Cassara, A., Becce, F., Lloyd, B., et al. (2022) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01663-5 · Cited by 455
Metadata
- Authors
- DIMITRIJEVIC, M. R., GERASIMENKO, Y., & PINTER, M. M.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-11
- Volume
- 860
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 360-376
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2117553976
- Cited by
- 794
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evidence for a Spinal Central Pattern Generator in Humansa. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09062.x
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- DIMITRIJEVIC, M. R., GERASIMENKO, Y., & PINTER, M. M. (1998). Evidence for a Spinal Central Pattern Generator in Humansa. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09062.x
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
