Cerebellar contributions to locomotor adaptations during splitbelt treadmill walking
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Locomotor adaptability ranges from the simple and fast-acting to the complex and long-lasting and is a requirement for successful mobility in an unpredictable environment. Several neural structures, including the spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, and motor cortex, have been implicated in the control of various types of locomotor adaptation. However, it is not known which structures control which types of adaptation and the specific mechanisms by which the appropriate adjustments are made. Here, we used a splitbelt treadmill to test cerebellar contributions to two different forms of locomotor adaptation in humans. We found that cerebellar damage does not impair the ability to make reactive feedback-driven motor adaptations, but significantly disrupts predictive feedforward motor adaptations during splitbelt treadmill locomotion. Our results speak to two important aspects of locomotor control. First, we have demonstrated that different levels of locomotor adaptability are clearly dissociable. Second, the cerebellum seems to play an essential role in predictive but not reactive locomotor adjustments. We postulate that reactive adjustments may instead be predominantly controlled by lower neural centers, such as the spinal cord or brainstem.
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A wide range of previous studies converge to the cerebellum processes as the loci of internal forward models.
“A wide range of previous studies converge to the cerebellum processes as the loci of internal forward models”
From The Cerebro-Cerebellum as a Locus of Forward Model: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as Morton and Bastian, 2006
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“Cerebellar damage results in deficits in adapting limb and eye movements, and impairs a patient’s ability to learn from movement errors (Martin et al., 1996; Maschke et al., 2004; Smith and Shadmehr, 2005; Morton and Bastian, 2006; Xu-Wilson et al., 2009; Criscimagna-Hemminger et al., 2010).”
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- Authors
- Morton, S. M., & Bastian, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2006-09-06
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 36
- Pages
- 9107-9116
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6674518
- OpenAlex
- W2098424142
- Cited by
- 619
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD040289)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- cerebellum, locomotor adaptation, cerebellar lesions, locomotion control
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Cerebellar Diseases, Cerebellum, Exercise Test, Female, Gait, Humans, Leg, Locomotion, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Skills, Task Performance and Analysis, Range of Motion, Articular
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