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ACOUSTIC CONFUSIONS IN IMMEDIATE MEMORY
Abstract
Sequences of 6 letters of the alphabet were visually presented for immediate recall to 387 subjects. Errors showed a systematic relationship to original stimuli. This is held to meet a requirement of the decay theory of immediate memory. The same letter vocabulary was used in a test in which subjects were required to identify the letters spoken against a white noise background. A highly significant correlation was found between letters which confused in the listening test, and letters which confused in recall. The role of neurological noise in recall is discussed in relation to these results. It is further argued that information theory is inadequate to explain the memory span, since the nature of the stimulus set, which can be defined quantitatively, as well as the information per item, is likely to be a determining factor.
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Cited by
Levels of processing: A framework for memory research
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(72)80001-x · Cited by 9,566
Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60422-3 · Cited by 7,216
Baddeley, A. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1736359 · Cited by 5,258
Working memory: Looking back and looking forward
Baddeley, A. (2003) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1201 · Cited by 5,200
A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming.
Seidenberg, M. S., & McClelland, J. L. (1989) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.96.4.523 · Cited by 3,909
Metadata
- Authors
- CONRAD, R.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1964-02
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-84
- ISSN
- 0007-1269 (ISSN-L)
- 2044-8295
- OpenAlex
- W2073588290
- Cited by
- 1,393
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 25.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CONRAD, R. (1964). ACOUSTIC CONFUSIONS IN IMMEDIATE MEMORY. British Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb00899.x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
