Gene expression divergence between malaria vector sibling species Anopheles gambiae and An. coluzzii from rural and urban Yaoundé Cameroon
Open accessAbstract
Divergent selection based on aquatic larval ecology is a likely factor in the recent isolation of two broadly sympatric and morphologically identical African mosquito species, the malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae and An. coluzzii . Population‐based genome scans have revealed numerous candidate regions of recent positive selection, but have provided few clues as to the genetic mechanisms underlying behavioural and physiological divergence between the two species, phenotypes which themselves remain obscure. To uncover possible genetic mechanisms, we compared global transcriptional profiles of natural and experimental populations using gene‐based microarrays. Larvae were sampled as second and fourth instars from natural populations in and around the city of Yaoundé, capital of Cameroon, where the two species segregate along a gradient of urbanization. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that An. coluzzii – the species that breeds in more stable, biotically complex and potentially polluted urban water bodies – overexpresses genes implicated in detoxification and immunity relative to An. gambiae, which breeds in more ephemeral and relatively depauperate pools and puddles in suburbs and rural areas. Moreover, our data suggest that such overexpression by An. coluzzii is not a transient result of induction by xenobiotics in the larval habitat, but an inherent and presumably adaptive response to repeatedly encountered environmental stressors. Finally, we find no significant overlap between the differentially expressed loci and previously identified genomic regions of recent positive selection, suggesting that transcriptome divergence is regulated by trans‐acting factors rather than cis‐acting elements.
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Overexpression of detoxification genes by An. coluzzii has been demonstrated to enable larval individuals to exploit polluted urban breeding sites in Central Africa.
“The overexpression of detoxification genes by An. coluzzii has been demonstrated to enable larval individuals to exploit polluted urban breeding sites in Central Africa [40]”
From Sibling species of the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae display divergent preferences for aquatic breeding sites in southern Nigeria (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The Results and Discussion report overexpression of detoxification genes in An. coluzzii larvae and describe the species occupying polluted urban breeding sites in Yaoundé. The Discussion presents the idea that altered gene expression enables exploitation of poorer-quality habitats as a hypothesis consistent with the transcriptome data, not as a demonstrated causal mechanism. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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Ebhodaghe, F. I., Sanchez-Vargas, I., Isaac, C., Foy, B. D., & Hemming-Schroeder, E. (2024) · Malaria Journal · doi:10.1186/s12936-024-04871-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“The overexpression of detoxification genes by An. coluzzii has been demonstrated to enable larval individuals to exploit polluted urban breeding sites in Central Africa [40] and may further explain the high odds of An. coluzzii in urban and periurban water bodies in southern Nigeria.”
Background
- Authors
- Cassone, B. J., Kamdem, C., Cheng, C., Tan, J. C., Hahn, M. W., Costantini, C., & Besansky, N. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Notre Dame (US)
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (CM)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Besansky, Nora J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Ecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-04-11
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2242-2259
- ISSN
- 0962-1083 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-294X
- PMC
- PMC4034741
- OpenAlex
- W2141133176
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 3.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Ecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01AI63508)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Diptera species taxonomy and behavior
- Keywords
- Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles coluzzii, malaria vectors, larval transcriptome, gene expression divergence, urban-rural gradient, larval habitat, detoxification genes, immunity genes, positive selection, trans-acting regulation, sympatric speciation, Yaoundé
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anopheles, Cameroon, Genetics, Population, Geography, Insect Vectors, Larva, Phenotype, Urbanization, Ecosystem, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Transcriptome
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