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Cited by 17Plant Reproductive BiologyPlant Molecular Biology ResearchChromosomal and Genetic Variations

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A unique C‐terminal domain contributes to the molecular function of Restorer‐of‐fertility proteins in plant mitochondria

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Huynh, Sang Dang, Melonek, Joanna, Colas des Francs‐Small, Catherine, Bond, Charles S., Small, Ian·2023·New Phytologist
DOI 10.1111/nph.19166

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Abstract

Summary: Restorer‐of‐fertility ( Rf ) genes encode pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins that are targeted to mitochondria where they specifically bind to transcripts that induce cytoplasmic male sterility and repress their expression. In searching for a molecular signature unique to this class of proteins, we found that a majority of known Rf proteins have a distinct domain, which we called RfCTD ( Restorer‐of‐fertility C‐terminal domain ), and its presence correlates with the ability to induce cleavage of the mitochondrial RNA target. A screen of 219 angiosperm genomes from 123 genera using a sequence profile that can quickly and accurately identify RfCTD sequences revealed considerable variation in RFL/RfCTD gene numbers across flowering plants. We observed that plant genera with bisexual flowers have significantly higher numbers of RFL genes compared to those with unisexual flowers, consistent with a role of these proteins in restoration of male fertility. We show that removing the RfCTD from the RFL protein RNA PROCESSING FACTOR 2‐ nad6 prevented cleavage of its RNA target, the nad6 transcript, in Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondria. We provide a simple way of identifying putative Rf candidates in genome sequences, new insights into the molecular mode of action of Rf proteins and the evolution of fertility restoration in flowering plants.

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Metadata

Authors
Huynh, S. D., Melonek, J., Colas des Francs‐Small, C., Bond, C. S., & Small, I.
Affiliations
  • School of Molecular Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
  • The University of Western Australia (AU)
Corresponding author
  • Melonek, Joanna
  • Small, Ian
ORCID
Venue
New Phytologist
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-08-07
Volume
240
Issue
2
Pages
830-845
ISSN
  • 0028-646X (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8137
DOI
10.1111/nph.19166
OpenAlex
W4385647699
Cited by
17
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1
FWCI
1.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • New Phytologist (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Australian Research Council (CE140100008, LP200100547)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Reproductive Biology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Keywords
pentatricopeptide repeat proteins, cytoplasmic male sterility, male fertility restoration, mitochondrial RNA processing, flowering plant evolution, unisexual flowers, angiosperm genomes, Arabidopsis thaliana
MeSH terms
Cytoplasm, Fertility, Mitochondria, Plant Proteins, Genes, Plant, Arabidopsis, Plant Infertility

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