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Adaptations in placental nutrient transfer capacity to meet fetal growth demands depend on placental size in mice
Open accessAbstract
Experimental reduction in placental growth often leads to increased placental efficiency measured as grams of fetus produced per gram of placenta, although little is known about the mechanisms involved. This study tested the hypothesis that the smallest placenta within a litter is the most efficient at supporting fetal growth by examining the natural intra‐litter variation in placental nutrient transfer capacity in normal pregnant mice. The morphology, nutrient transfer and expression of key growth and nutrient supply genes (Igf2 P0, Grb10, Slc2a1, Slc2a3, Slc38a1, Slc38a2 and Slc38a4) were compared in the lightest and heaviest placentas of a litter at days 16 and 19 of pregnancy, when mouse fetuses are growing most rapidly in absolute terms. The data show that there are morphological and functional adaptations in the lightest placenta within a litter, which increase active transport of amino acids per gram of placenta and maintain normal fetal growth close to term, despite the reduced placental mass. The specific placental adaptations differ with age. At E16, they are primarily morphological with an increase in the volume fraction of the labyrinthine zone responsible for nutrient exchange, whereas at E19 they are more functional with up‐regulated placental expression of the glucose transporter gene, Slc2a1/GLUT1 and one isoform the System A family of amino acid transporters, Slc38a2/SNAT2. Thus, this adaptability in placental phenotype provides a functional reserve capacity for maximizing fetal growth during late gestation when placental growth is compromised.
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“As a result, the naturally small placenta also supports more fetal growth per gram and maintains a normal fetal growth rate in late gestation (114).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [114]
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“When the fetal demand and supply are mismatched in the naturally small placenta, there are changes in expression of several imprinted genes, including Igf2 in association with sparing of the labyrinth zone, increased MeAIB and glucose transport and upregulated expression of the Slc38a2 amino acid transporters (114).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [114]
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InfluentialDelivery and short-term maternal and fetal safety of vaginally administered PEG-PLGA nanoparticles
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Maternal Exercise Rescues Fetal Akinesia‐Impaired Joint and Bone Development
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Narrative Review of Production Impacts of Pregnancy Shearing in Pasture-Based Systems
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Physiological Exchange across Mouse Placenta
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Metadata
- Authors
- Coan, P. M., Angiolini, E., Sandovici, I., Burton, G. J., Constância, M., & Fowden, A. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Babraham Institute (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Coan, P. M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-09-15
- Volume
- 586
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 4567-4576
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC2614013
- OpenAlex
- W2123416686
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 14.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/B50118X/1, BB/C513626/1, BB/B50118X/2)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Keywords
- placental nutrient transfer, placental size, fetal growth, placental efficiency, amino acid transport, glucose transport, GLUT1, SNAT2, SLC38A2, SLC2A1, SLC38A4, SLC38A1, Grb10, placental morphology, placental development, mouse pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Female, Gestational Age, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Organ Size, Placenta, Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Animal, Fetal Weight, Amino Acid Transport System A, Fetal Development, Glucose Transporter Type 1, Glucose Transporter Type 3, Mice, GRB10 Adaptor Protein
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