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Gas-phase production of carbon single-walled nanotubes from carbon monoxide via the HiPco process: A parametric study
Abstract
We have demonstrated large-scale production (10 g/day) of high-purity carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) using a gas-phase chemical-vapor-deposition process we call the HiPco process. SWNTs grow in high-pressure (30–50 atm), high-temperature (900–1100 °C) flowing CO on catalytic clusters of iron. The clusters are formed in situ: Fe is added to the gas flow in the form of Fe(CO)5. Upon heating, the Fe(CO)5 decomposes and the iron atoms condense into clusters. These clusters serve as catalytic particles upon which SWNT nucleate and grow (in the gas phase) via CO disproportionation: CO+CO⇒CO2+C(SWNT). SWNT material of up to 97 mol % purity has been produced at rates of up to 450 mg/h. The HiPco process has been studied and optimized with respect to a number of process parameters including temperature, pressure, and catalyst concentration. The behavior of the SWNT yield with respect to various parameters sheds light on the processes that currently limit SWNT production, and suggests ways that the production rate can be increased still further.
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Citations
Cited by
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Shvedova, A. A., Kisin, E. R., Mercer, R., Murray, A. R., Johnson, V. J., Potapovich, A. I., Tyurina, Y. Y., Gorelik, O., Arepalli, S., Schwegler-Berry, D., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00084.2005 · Cited by 1,312
Donaldson, K., Aitken, R., Tran, L., Stone, V., Duffin, R., Forrest, G., & Alexander, A. (2006) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj130 · Cited by 1,167
Interfacial Heat Flow in Carbon Nanotube Suspensions
Huxtable, S. T., Cahill, D. G., Shenogin, S., Xue, L., Ozisik, R., Barone, P., Usrey, M., Strano, M. S., Siddons, G., Shim, M., et al. (2003) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat996 · Cited by 1,023
Ultrafast optical switching properties of single-wall carbon nanotube polymer composites at 1.55 μm
Chen, Y.-C., Raravikar, N. R., Schadler, L. S., Ajayan, P. M., Zhao, Y.-P., Lu, T.-M., Wang, G.-C., & Zhang, X.-C. (2002) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.1498007 · Cited by 441
Advancement in carbon nanotubes: basics, biomedical applications and toxicity
Beg, S., Rizwan, M., Sheikh, A. M., Hasnain, M. S., Anwer, K., & Kohli, K. (2011) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01167.x · Cited by 306
Metadata
- Authors
- Bronikowski, M. J., Willis, P. A., Colbert, D. T., Smith, K. A., & Smalley, R. E.
- Venue
- Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films
- Publisher
- American Vacuum Society
- Published
- 2001-07-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1800-1805
- ISSN
- 0734-2101 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-8559
- OpenAlex
- W2097752694
- Cited by
- 671
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 34.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Bronikowski, M. J., Willis, P. A., Colbert, D. T., Smith, K. A., & Smalley, R. E. (2001). Gas-phase production of carbon single-walled nanotubes from carbon monoxide via the HiPco process: A parametric study. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1380721
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