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Perceptual linear predictive (PLP) analysis of speech
Abstract
A new technique for the analysis of speech, the perceptual linear predictive (PLP) technique, is presented and examined. This technique uses three concepts from the psychophysics of hearing to derive an estimate of the auditory spectrum: (1) the critical-band spectral resolution, (2) the equal-loudness curve, and (3) the intensity-loudness power law. The auditory spectrum is then approximated by an autoregressive all-pole model. A 5th-order all-pole model is effective in suppressing speaker-dependent details of the auditory spectrum. In comparison with conventional linear predictive (LP) analysis, PLP analysis is more consistent with human hearing. The effective second formant F2′ and the 3.5-Bark spectral-peak integration theories of vowel perception are well accounted for. PLP analysis is computationally efficient and yields a low-dimensional representation of speech. These properties are found to be useful in speaker-independent automatic-speech recognition.
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Cited by
Hinton, G., Deng, L., Yu, D., Dahl, G., Mohamed, A.-R., Jaitly, N., Senior, A., Vanhoucke, V., Nguyen, P., Sainath, T., et al. (2012) · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine · doi:10.1109/msp.2012.2205597 · Cited by 10,260
The Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set (GeMAPS) for Voice Research and Affective Computing
Eyben, F., Scherer, K. R., Schuller, B. W., Sundberg, J., Andre, E., Busso, C., Devillers, L. Y., Epps, J., Laukka, P., Narayanan, S. S., et al. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing · doi:10.1109/taffc.2015.2457417 · Cited by 1,818
Audio-visual speech modeling for continuous speech recognition
Dupont, S., & Luettin, J. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia · doi:10.1109/6046.865479 · Cited by 598
Chung, J. S., & Zisserman, A. (2017) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54184-6_6 · Cited by 537
Automatic speech recognition and speech variability: A review
Benzeghiba, M., De Mori, R., Deroo, O., Dupont, S., Erbes, T., Jouvet, D., Fissore, L., Laface, P., Mertins, A., Ris, C., et al. (2007) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/j.specom.2007.02.006 · Cited by 529
Metadata
- Authors
- Hermansky, H.
- Venue
- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
- Publisher
- Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
- Published
- 1990-04-01
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1738-1752
- ISSN
- 0001-4966 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-8524
- OpenAlex
- W2090861223
- Cited by
- 2,536
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Hermansky, H. (1990). Perceptual linear predictive (PLP) analysis of speech. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.399423
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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