The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Not What, but How One Feels: The Measurement of Affect during Exercise
Abstract
Three experiments are presented that evaluate the feeling scale (FS) as a measure of affect during exercise. In Experiment 1,.subjects were instructed to check adjectives on the MAACL-R that they would associate with either a "good" or a "bad" feeling during exercise. As predicted, discriminant function analysis indicated that the good/bad dimension of the FS appears to represent a core of emotional expression. In Experiment 2, subjects rated how they felt during exercise at a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 11, 15, and 19. There was considerable heterogeneity in FS for each given RPE. Moreover, RPEs and FS ratings were only moderately correlated, r= - .56, suggesting that phenomenologically the two constructs are not isomorphic. Experiment 3 involved three 4-min bouts of exercise at 30, 60, and 90% V0 2 max. Assessed were pre- and post-exercise affect as. .well as RPEs, responses to the FS, V e , RR, and VO 2 . Results revealed that RPE and the FS were moderately related, but only at easy and hard workloads. FS ratings evidenced greater variability as metabolic demands increased, and RPEs consistently had stronger ties to physiologic cues than responses to the FS. The theoretical and pragmatic implications of these data are discussed.
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“The Dual-Mode theory [8] demonstrates that at intensities below the ventilatory threshold (VT), affect as measured with the Feeling Scale [9] is positive, suggesting that exercise at this intensity is pleasurable and long-term may promote exercise adherence [10].”
From High-Intensity Interval Training Elicits Higher Enjoyment than Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
Citations
Cites
Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences.
Zajonc, R. B. (1980) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.35.2.151 · Cited by 8,094
Frijda, N. H. (1988) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.43.5.349 · Cited by 2,724
The Psychology of Physical Symptoms
Pennebaker, J. W. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8196-9 · Cited by 1,789
Perceived Exertion: An Active or Passive Process?
Rejeski, W. J. (1985) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.7.4.371 · Cited by 306
Self-citationEmotion, Pain, and Physical Illness
Leventhal, H., & Everhart, D. (1979) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2892-6_10 · Cited by 213
Sex-Role Orientation and the Responses of Men to Exercise Stress
Rejeski, W. J., Best, D. L., Griffith, P., & Kenney, E. (1987) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.1987.10605459 · Cited by 98
Self-citationThe Perception of Exertion: A Social Psychophysiological Integration
Rejeski, W. J. (1981) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.3.4.305 · Cited by 88
Self-citationCompetitive Anxiety In Junior Elite Wrestlers
Gould, D. R., Horn, T. S., & Spreemann, J. (1983) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.5.1.58 · Cited by 63
The Effects of Self-Presentation on Perceived Exertion
Boutcher, S. H., Fleischer-Curtian, L. A., & Gines, S. D. (1988) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.10.3.270 · Cited by 46
The Mediational Mole of Social Influence in the Perception of Exertion
Hardy, C. J., Hall, E. G., & Prestholdt, P. H. (1986) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.8.2.88 · Cited by 42
Self-citationNonverbal Expression of Effort as Causally Relevant Information
Rejeski, W. J., & Lowe, C. A. (1980) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616728063017 · Cited by 29
Self-citationFeminine-Typed Females: The Role of Affective Schema in the Perception of Exercise Intensity
Rejeski, W. J., & Sanford, B. (1984) · Journal of Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsp.6.2.197 · Cited by 25
Self-citationThe influence of sex-role orientation on ratings of perceived exertion
Hochstetler, S. A., Rejeski, W. J., & Best, D. L. (1985) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/bf00287875 · Cited by 21
Self-citationUnderstanding your feelings and emotions
Young, P. T. (1975) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11
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Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I.-M., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318213fefb · Cited by 9,319
Ekkekakis, P., Parfitt, G., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11590680-000000000-00000 · Cited by 1,215
Chen, M. J., Fan, X., & Moe, S. T. (2002) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/026404102320761787 · Cited by 837
Rhodes, R. E., & Kates, A. (2015) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9704-5 · Cited by 847
The benefits of exercise for the clinically depressed
Craft, L. L., & Perna, F. M. (2004) · The Primary Care Companion For CNS Disorders · doi:10.4088/pcc.v06n0301 · Cited by 692
Metadata
- Authors
- Hardy, C. J., & Rejeski, W. J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Wake Forest University (US)
- ORCID
- Rejeski, W. Jack
- Venue
- Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 1989-09
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 304-317
- ISSN
- 0895-2779 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-2904
- OpenAlex
- W2164477804
- Cited by
- 1,607
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 105 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 118 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 130 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 133 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 61 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 6.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Keywords
- Feeling Scale, rating of perceived exertion, emotional expression, exercise intensity, heart rate, oxygen consumption, physiological cues, construct validity
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