The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Need Support, Need Satisfaction, Intrinsic Motivation, and Physical Activity Participation among Middle School Students
Abstract
Using self-determination theory as a framework, the purpose of this study was to test a structural model of hypothesized relationships among perceived need support from physical education teachers (autonomy support, competence support, and relatedness support), psychological need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), intrinsic motivation, and physical activity. Participants were 286 middle school students in the southeastern U.S. They completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their perceived need support from teachers, need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and physical activity. The hypothesized model demonstrated a good fit with the data (RMSEA = .08; CFI = .97; NFI = .96; GFI = .96). Need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between need support and physical activity. The constructs of perceived autonomy, competence, and relatedness represent the nutriments that facilitate students’ intrinsic motivation and ultimately positively predict students’ physical activity. The findings supported the theoretical tenets of self-determination theory.
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Cites
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 54,599
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210
Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Vallerand, R. J. (1997) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60019-2 · Cited by 3,198 · cited 2×
“It can be expressed through a chain of processes as follows: “social environment factors→ psychological need satisfaction→ types of motivation→ consequences” (Vallerand, 1997, 2000; Ntoumanis, 2001).”
BackgroundControl and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory.
Ryan, R. M. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.450 · Cited by 2,721 · cited 2×
“measured using five items from the perceived competence subscale of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (Ryan, 1982).”
MethodStandage, M., Duda, J. L., & Ntoumanis, N. (2003) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.1.97 · Cited by 927
Cited by
Self-determination theory applied to physical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vasconcellos, D., Parker, P. D., Hilland, T., Cinelli, R., Owen, K. B., Kapsal, N., Lee, J., Antczak, D., Ntoumanis, N., Ryan, R. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/edu0000420 · Cited by 811
Morton, K. L., Atkin, A. J., Corder, K., Suhrcke, M., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12352 · Cited by 325
Belcher, B. R., Zink, J., Azad, A., Campbell, C. E., Chakravartti, S. P., & Herting, M. M. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.005 · Cited by 281
Observing Physical Education Teachers’ Need-Supportive Interactions in Classroom Settings
Haerens, L., Aelterman, N., Van den Berghe, L., De Meyer, J., Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2013) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.35.1.3 · Cited by 243
Patzak, A., & Zhang, X. (2025) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-025-09994-2 · Cited by 52
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, T., Solmon, M. A., Kosma, M., Carson, R. L., & Gu, X.
- Venue
- Journal of Teaching in Physical Education
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-68
- ISSN
- 0273-5024 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-2769
- OpenAlex
- W2134338923
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 12.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Zhang, T., Solmon, M. A., Kosma, M., Carson, R. L., & Gu, X. (2011). Need Support, Need Satisfaction, Intrinsic Motivation, and Physical Activity Participation among Middle School Students. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.30.1.51
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
