Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere: An extension of cognitive evaluation theory.
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Ryan posited that the more one perceives communications from others as pressure to attain a specific outcome, the less likely one is to experience autonomous motivation for that activity.
“Ryan (1982), citing the very example of evaluation, posited that the more one perceives communications from others as pressure to attain a specific outcome, the less likely one is to experience autonomous motivation for that activity.”
From Why grades engender performance-avoidance goals: The mediating role of autonomous motivation. (2011) · cites this paper as Ryan, 1982
The study selected a longstanding, previously validated survey instrument, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI), grounded in self-determination theory.
“we selected a longstanding, previously validated survey instrument that measures multiple facets of motivation-the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI), which is grounded in Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory (Ryan, 1982; Vallerand, 2000).”
From AI Literacy in the Communication Basic Course: Insights on Embedding, Motivation, and Reducing Uncertainty (2026) · cites this paper as Ryan, 1982
Controlling positive feedback leads to less intrinsic motivation than does informational positive feedback.
“In both studies, the control- ling feedback led to less intrinsic motivation than did the infor- mational feedback.”
From A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. (1999) · cites this paper as Ryan, 1982
One additional study (Ryan, 1982) was used in the supplemental meta-analysis of informational versus controlling reward administrations.
“One additional study (Ryan, 1982) was also used in the supplemental meta-analysis of informational versus controlling reward administrations.”
From A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. (1999) · cites this paper as Ryan, 1982
For Ryan (1982), we included this study only in the supplemental meta-analysis of informational versus controlling verbal rewards, but C & P excluded it.
“We included this study only in the supplemental meta-analysis of informational versus controlling verbal rewards. C & P excluded it.”
From A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. (1999) · cites this paper as Ryan (1982)
Participants completed a questionnaire using items from Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI).
“After the paper and the AR game, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire using items from Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) [62].”
From Extracting Design Guidelines for Augmented Reality Serious Games for Children (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
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Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., & Thøgersen‐Ntoumani, C. (2010) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.32.2.193 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Choice and Ego-Depletion: The Moderating Role of Autonomy
Moller, A. C., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206288008 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Self-citationMakransky, G., Borre‐Gude, S., & Mayer, R. E. (2019) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12375 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C.-R., Berry, A. J., & al, E. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.6.1190 · Cited by 534 · see citing works
Reeve, J., Nix, G., & Hamm, D. (2003) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.2.375 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Shalley, C. E., & Perry-Smith, J. E. (2001) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1006/obhd.2000.2918 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
The Lens of Intrinsic Skill Atoms: A Method for Gameful Design
Deterding, S. (2015) · Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/07370024.2014.993471 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
When Choice Motivates and When It Does Not
Katz, I., & Assor, A. (2006) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9027-y · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Hagger, M. S. (2009) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/08870440701809533 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Plant, R. W., & Ryan, R. M. (1985) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1985.tb00375.x · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Self-citationVansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Soenens, B., & Matos, L. (2005) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00858.x · Cited by 489 · see citing works
A test of self-determination theory in the exercise domain
Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2006) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00102.x · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Selfriz, J. J., Duda, J. L., & Chi, L. (1992) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.14.4.375 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995) · Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_3 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Ryan, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ryan, Richard M.
- ORCID
- Ryan, Richard M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1982-09
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 450-461
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2006451753
- Cited by
- 2,721
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 141 · 2025: 152 · 2024: 163 · 2023: 166 · 2022: 135 · 2021: 160 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 138 · 2018: 132 · 2017: 128 · 2016: 135 · 2015: 128 · 2014: 110 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 101
- FWCI
- 9.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- cognitive evaluation theory, self-control, self-regulation, information processing, self-assessment, self-monitoring
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