Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7

Williams, J.Andrew; Ring, Barbara J.; Cantrell, Varon E.; Jones, David R.; Eckstein, James; Ruterbories, Kenneth; Hamman, Mitchell A.; Hall, Stephen D.; Wrighton, Steven A.

doi:10.1124/dmd.30.8.883

Cited by 472Pharmacogenetics and Drug MetabolismDrug Transport and Resistance MechanismsMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms

Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7

Williams, J.Andrew, Ring, Barbara J., Cantrell, Varon E., Jones, David R., Eckstein, James, Ruterbories, Kenneth, Hamman, Mitchell A., Hall, Stephen D. +1 more·2002·Drug Metabolism and Disposition

DOI 10.1124/dmd.30.8.883

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Abstract

The human cytochromes P450 (P450) CYP3A contribute to the biotransformation of 50% of oxidatively metabolized drugs. The predominant hepatic form is CYP3A4, but recent evidence indicates that CYP3A5 contributes more significantly to the total liver CYP3A than was originally thought. CYP3A7 is the major fetal form and is rarely expressed in adults. To compare the metabolic capabilities of CYP3A forms for 10 substrates, incubations were performed using a consistent molar ratio (1:7:9) of recombinant CYP3A, P450 reductase, and cytochrome b5. A wide range of substrate concentrations was examined to determine the best fit to kinetic models for metabolite formation. In general, K(m) or S(50) values for the substrates were 3 to 4 times lower for CYP3A4 than for CYP3A5 or CYP3A7. For a more direct comparison of these P450 forms, clearance to the metabolites was determined as a linear relationship of rate of metabolite formation for the lowest substrate concentrations examined. The clearance for 1'-hydroxy midazolam formation at low substrate concentrations was similar for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. For CYP3A5 versus CYP3A4, clearance values at low substrate concentrations were 2 to 20 times lower for the other biotransformations. The clearance values for CYP3A7-catalyzed metabolite formation at low substrate concentrations were substantially lower than for CYP3A4 or CYP3A5, except for clarithromycin, 4-OH triazolam, and N-desmethyl diltiazem (CYP3A5 - CYP3A7). The CYP3A forms demonstrated regioselective differences in some of the biotransformations. These results demonstrate an equal or reduced metabolic capability for CYP3A5 compared with CYP3A4 and a significantly lower capability for CYP3A7.

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CYP3A5's role in drug and steroid metabolism is limited due to its generally low activity and expression in a relatively small percentage of individuals.
“but its role in drug and steroid metabolism is limited due to its generally low activity and expression in a relatively small percentage of individuals [[123], [124], [125]].”
From Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: a comprehensive review (2019) · cites this paper as [123]
CYP3A5 catalyzes a comparable range of reactions as CYP3A4.
“CYP3A5 catalyzes a comparable range of reactions as CYP3A4”
From Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: a comprehensive review (2019) · cites this paper as [123]

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Authors: Williams, J. A., Ring, B. J., Cantrell, V. E., Jones, D. R., Eckstein, J., Ruterbories, K., Hamman, M. A., Hall, S. D., & Wrighton, S. A.
Affiliations: Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
ORCID: Hall, Stephen D.
Venue: Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-08
Volume: 30
Issue: 8
Pages: 883-891
ISSN: 0090-9556 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1124/dmd.30.8.883
OpenAlex: W2052406081
Cited by: 471
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 19.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Drug Metabolism and Disposition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
Keywords: CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, cytochrome P450, drug metabolism, midazolam hydroxylation, clarithromycin, regioselectivity, enzyme kinetic parameters
MeSH terms: Alprazolam, Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases, Biotransformation, Coumarins, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Diltiazem, Estradiol, Humans, Kinetics, Microsomes, Liver, Midazolam, Nifedipine, Tamoxifen, Testosterone, Triazolam, Cytochromes b5, Clarithromycin, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, In Vitro Techniques

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Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7

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