When the Moon had a magnetosphere
Open accessAbstract
). Solar storms strip a planet's atmosphere over time, and only a strong magnetosphere would be able to provide maximum protection. We present simplified magnetic dipole field modeling confined within a paraboloidal-shaped magnetopause to show how the expected Earth-Moon coupled magnetospheres provide a substantial buffer from the expected intense solar wind, reducing Earth's atmospheric loss to space.
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The Moon's atmosphere is 1013 times less dense than Earth's atmosphere, producing a permanently black sky.
“Another factor to take into consideration on the Moon is the atmosphere, which is 1013, times less dense than Earth's atmosphere which produces a permanently black sky [23].”
From Sleep disruption, use of sleep-promoting medication and circadian desynchronization in spaceflight crewmembers: Evidence in low-Earth orbit and concerns for future deep-space exploration missions (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
The Discussion says the Moon’s early atmosphere was rapidly lost, bringing it to its present condition, but gives no present-day density comparison with Earth. Neither the supplied passages nor searches for the density ratio and black sky address the claimed figure or its effect on sky color; page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Albornoz-Miranda, M., Parrao, D., & Taverne, M. (2023) · Sleep Medicine: X · doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100080 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Another factor to take into consideration on the Moon is the atmosphere, which is 1013, times less dense than Earth's atmosphere which produces a permanently black sky [23].”
Background
- Authors
- Green, J., Draper, D., Boardsen, S., & Dong, C.
- Affiliations
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Green, James
- Venue
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2020-10-16
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 42
- ISSN
- 2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10763664
- OpenAlex
- W3092865240
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Science Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Keywords
- solar wind, atmospheric escape, dipole magnetic field, magnetopause, solar storms, planetary magnetic fields
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