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Control of Nitrogen Export from Watersheds by Headwater Streams
Abstract
A comparative 15 N-tracer study of nitrogen dynamics in headwater streams from biomes throughout North America demonstrates that streams exert control over nutrient exports to rivers, lakes, and estuaries. The most rapid uptake and transformation of inorganic nitrogen occurred in the smallest streams. Ammonium entering these streams was removed from the water within a few tens to hundreds of meters. Nitrate was also removed from stream water but traveled a distance 5 to 10 times as long, on average, as ammonium. Despite low ammonium concentration in stream water, nitrification rates were high, indicating that small streams are potentially important sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide. During seasons of high biological activity, the reaches of headwater streams typically export downstream less than half of the input of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from their watersheds.
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Cited by
GALLOWAY, J. N., ABER, J. D., ERISMAN, J. W., SEITZINGER, S. P., HOWARTH, R. W., COWLING, E. B., & COSBY, B. J. (2003) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:tnc]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 2,973
Stream denitrification across biomes and its response to anthropogenic nitrate loading
Mulholland, P. J., Helton, A. M., Poole, G. C., Hall, R. O., Hamilton, S. K., Peterson, B. J., Tank, J. L., Ashkenas, L. R., Cooper, L. W., Dahm, C. N., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06686 · Cited by 1,312
Self-citationNitrogen in agriculture: balancing the cost of an essential resource
Robertson, G. P., & Vitousek, P. M. (2009) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.environ.032108.105046 · Cited by 1,177
Burgin, A. J., & Hamilton, S. K. (2007) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[89:hwotro]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 1,112
Self-citationRestoring streams in an urbanizing world
BERNHARDT, E. S., & PALMER, M. A. (2007) · Freshwater Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01718.x · Cited by 525
Metadata
- Authors
- Peterson, B. J., Wollheim, W. M., Mulholland, P. J., Webster, J. R., Meyer, J. L., Tank, J. L., Martí, E., Bowden, W. B., Valett, H. M., Hershey, A. E., McDowell, W. H., Dodds, W. K., Hamilton, S. K., Gregory, S., & Morrall, D. D.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2001-04-06
- Volume
- 292
- Issue
- 5514
- Pages
- 86-90
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2112863519
- Cited by
- 1,477
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 39.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Peterson, B. J., Wollheim, W. M., Mulholland, P. J., Webster, J. R., Meyer, J. L., Tank, J. L., Martí, E., Bowden, W. B., Valett, H. M., Hershey, A. E., McDowell, W. H., Dodds, W. K., Hamilton, S. K., Gregory, S., & Morrall, D. D. (2001). Control of Nitrogen Export from Watersheds by Headwater Streams. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1056874
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