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Efficient Photochemical Water Splitting by a Chemically Modified n-TiO 2
Abstract
Although n-type titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is a promising substrate for photogeneration of hydrogen from water, most attempts at doping this material so that it absorbs light in the visible region of the solar spectrum have met with limited success. We synthesized a chemically modified n-type TiO 2 by controlled combustion of Ti metal in a natural gas flame. This material, in which carbon substitutes for some of the lattice oxygen atoms, absorbs light at wavelengths below 535 nanometers and has a lower band-gap energy than rutile (2.32 versus 3.00 electron volts). At an applied potential of 0.3 volt, chemically modified n-type TiO 2 performs water splitting with a total conversion efficiency of 11% and a maximum photoconversion efficiency of 8.35% when illuminated at 40 milliwatts per square centimeter. The latter value compares favorably with a maximum photoconversion efficiency of 1% for n-type TiO 2 biased at 0.6 volt.
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Cites
Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode
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Cited by
Walter, M. G., Warren, E. L., McKone, J. R., Boettcher, S. W., Mi, Q., Santori, E. A., & Lewis, N. S. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr1002326 · Cited by 9,388
Semiconductor-based Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Chen, X., Shen, S., Guo, L., & Mao, S. S. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr1001645 · Cited by 7,876
TiO2 photocatalysis and related surface phenomena
FUJISHIMA, A., ZHANG, X., & TRYK, D. (2008) · Surface Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.surfrep.2008.10.001 · Cited by 6,737
A review on the visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalysts for environmental applications
Pelaez, M., Nolan, N. T., Pillai, S. C., Seery, M. K., Falaras, P., Kontos, A. G., Dunlop, P. S. M., Hamilton, J. W. J., Byrne, J. A., O'Shea, K., et al. (2012) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.05.036 · Cited by 4,047
Advanced Nanoarchitectures for Solar Photocatalytic Applications
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Metadata
- Authors
- Khan, S. U. M., Al-Shahry, M., & Ingler, W. B.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2002-09-27
- Volume
- 297
- Issue
- 5590
- Pages
- 2243-2245
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2022256605
- Cited by
- 4,074
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 57.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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