The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Critical Roles for Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases in B Cell Development and Signaling
Abstract
The Rac1 guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) has been implicated in multiple cellular functions, including actin dynamics, proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration resulting from signaling by multiple receptors, including the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). We used conditional gene targeting to generate mice with specific Rac1 deficiency in the B cell lineage. In the absence of both Rac1 and the highly related Rac2, B cell development was almost completely blocked. Both GTPases were required to transduce BCR signals leading to proliferation, survival and up-regulation of BAFF-R, a receptor for BAFF, a key survival molecule required for B cell development and maintenance.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These 2 studies provide evidence for the requirement of Rac2 during T-and B-cell maturation.”
From Dominant activating RAC2 mutation with lymphopenia, immunodeficiency, and cytoskeletal defects (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“In Rac1/Rac2-deficient CD19 cells, bone marrow B-cell development appeared preserved across genotypes.”
From Dominant activating RAC2 mutation with lymphopenia, immunodeficiency, and cytoskeletal defects (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“This is apparent in Rac2 2/2 Rac1 flox/flox mice crossed with CD2-or CD19-driven Cre recombinase mice lacking both Rac1 and Rac2 in their T 38 or B cells, 39 respectively.”
From Dominant activating RAC2 mutation with lymphopenia, immunodeficiency, and cytoskeletal defects (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“However, Rac1/Rac2-deficient mice exhibited drastically reduced splenic and circulating mature B cells.”
From Dominant activating RAC2 mutation with lymphopenia, immunodeficiency, and cytoskeletal defects (2019) · cites this paper as [39]
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 25
- 10.1038/381751a0 · DOI
- 10.1038/nature01148 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3376 · DOI
- 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0154 · DOI
- 10.1038/sj.onc.1202595 · DOI
- 10.1093/nar/25.6.1317 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80019-9 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1101/gad.8.9.1030 · DOI
- 10.1101/gad.8.9.1043 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.186.12.2013 · DOI
- 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5222 · DOI
- 10.1038/82797 · DOI
- 10.4049/jimmunol.168.5.2101 · DOI
- 10.1038/nri840 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.20011663 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.20011571 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.191.10.1721 · DOI
- 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141152 · DOI
- 10.4049/jimmunol.170.12.5820 · DOI
- V. M. Lentz, C. E. Hayes, M. P. Cancro, J. Immunol.160, 3743 (1998). · DOI
- 10.1126/science.1061965 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00481-X · DOI
- 10.4049/jimmunol.170.9.4593 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0952-7915(00)00098-4 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.190.1.75 · DOI
Cited by
Alternative 3′ UTRs act as scaffolds to regulate membrane protein localization
Berkovits, B. D., & Mayr, C. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14321 · Cited by 474
Rac1 GTPase: A “Rac” of All Trades
Bosco, E. E., Mulloy, J. C., & Zheng, Y. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-008-8552-x · Cited by 350
Scheiblich, H., Eikens, F., Wischhof, L., Opitz, S., Jüngling, K., Cserép, C., Schmidt, S. V., Lambertz, J., Bellande, T., Pósfai, B., et al. (2024) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.029 · Cited by 207
Arana, E., Vehlow, A., Harwood, N. E., Vigorito, E., Henderson, R., Turner, M., Tybulewicz, V. L. J., & Batista, F. D. (2008) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.12.003 · Cited by 156
Self-citationRac2 Controls Tumor Growth, Metastasis and M1-M2 Macrophage Differentiation In Vivo
Joshi, S., Singh, A. R., Zulcic, M., Bao, L., Messer, K., Ideker, T., Dutkowski, J., & Durden, D. L. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095893 · Cited by 128
“Rac2-deficiency has also been shown to impact B- and T-cell migration, activation, development (to a lesser extent in T-cells) [9,10,11,12] and, in some reports, T-cell differentiation into T-helper type 1 (Th1) cells [9].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Walmsley, M. J., Ooi, S. K. T., Reynolds, L. F., Smith, S. H., Ruf, S., Mathiot, A., Vanes, L., Williams, D. A., Cancro, M. P., & Tybulewicz, V. L. J.
- Affiliations
- Division of Immune Cell Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2003-10-17
- Volume
- 302
- Issue
- 5644
- Pages
- 459-462
- ISSN
- 0036-8075
- 1095-9203
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Critical Roles for Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases in B Cell Development and Signaling. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1089709
- The paper
- Walmsley, M. J., Ooi, S. K. T., Reynolds, L. F., Smith, S. H., Ruf, S., Mathiot, A., Vanes, L., Williams, D. A., Cancro, M. P., & Tybulewicz, V. L. J. (2003). Critical Roles for Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases in B Cell Development and Signaling. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1089709
