Greater disruption due to failure of inhibitory control on an ambiguous distractor
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates that a stimulus that is subthreshold, and thus consciously invisible, influences brain activity and behavioral performance. However, it is not clear how subthreshold stimuli are processed in the brain. We found that a task-irrelevant subthreshold coherent motion led to a stronger disturbance in task performance than did suprathreshold motion. With the subthreshold motion, activity in the visual cortex measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging was higher, but activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex was lower, than with suprathreshold motion. These results suggest that subthreshold irrelevant signals are not subject to effective inhibitory control.
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Experimental results on attention and awareness have been interpreted as consistent with the prediction that control of attention suffers when awareness fails.
“Several experimental results on attention and awareness have been interpreted as consistent with this prediction (McCormick, 1997; Tsushima et al., 2006; Lin and Murray, 2015; Webb and Graziano, 2015; Webb et al., 2016a), though more experiments are needed.”
From The Attention Schema Theory: A Foundation for Engineering Artificial Consciousness (2017) · cites this paper as Tsushima et al., 2006
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Dissociation in prefrontal cortex of affective and attentional shifts
Dias, R., Robbins, T. W., & Roberts, A. C. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/380069a0 · Cited by 1,527 · see citing works
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Frontal cortex mediates unconsciously triggered inhibitory control.
van Gaal, S., Ridderinkhof, K. R., Fahrenfort, J. J., Scholte, H. S., & Lamme, V. A. F. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1278-08.2008 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Working memory without consciousness
Soto, D., Mäntylä, T., & Silvanto, J. (2011) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.09.049 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
The attention schema theory: a mechanistic account of subjective awareness
Graziano, M. S. A., & Webb, T. W. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00500 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
The Neural Correlates of Consciousness and Attention: Two Sister Processes of the Brain
Nani, A., Manuello, J., Mancuso, L., Liloia, D., Costa, T., & Cauda, F. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01169 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
What does distractibility in ADHD reveal about mechanisms for top-down attentional control?
Friedman-Hill, S. R., Wagman, M. R., Gex, S. E., Pine, D. S., Leibenluft, E., & Ungerleider, L. G. (2010) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.11.013 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The Attention Schema Theory: A Foundation for Engineering Artificial Consciousness
Graziano, M. S. A. (2017) · Frontiers in Robotics and AI · doi:10.3389/frobt.2017.00060 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“Several experimental results on attention and awareness have been interpreted as consistent with this prediction (McCormick, 1997; Tsushima et al., 2006; Lin and Murray, 2015; Webb and Graziano, 2015; Webb et al., 2016a), though more experiments are needed.”
BackgroundResultWilterson, A. I., & Graziano, M. S. A. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2102421118 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lin, Z., & Murray, S. O. (2015) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797614560770 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tsushima, Y., Sasaki, Y., & Watanabe, T.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Watanabe, Takeo
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-12-15
- Volume
- 314
- Issue
- 5806
- Pages
- 1786-1788
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2133743411
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (R01EY015980, R21EY017737)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, P41RR014075)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Keywords
- subthreshold stimuli, inhibitory control, distractor processing, coherent motion, visual cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, visual attention, functional MRI
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Awareness, Brain Mapping, Eye Movements, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motion Perception, Sensory Thresholds, Task Performance and Analysis, Visual Cortex, Visual Perception, Prefrontal Cortex
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