The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Semi-Empirical Approach to Projecting Future Sea-Level Rise
Abstract
A semi-empirical relation is presented that connects global sea-level rise to global mean surface temperature. It is proposed that, for time scales relevant to anthropogenic warming, the rate of sea-level rise is roughly proportional to the magnitude of warming above the temperatures of the pre–Industrial Age. This holds to good approximation for temperature and sea-level changes during the 20th century, with a proportionality constant of 3.4 millimeters/year per °C. When applied to future warming scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, this relationship results in a projected sea-level rise in 2100 of 0.5 to 1.4 meters above the 1990 level.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis
Cooper, R. N., Houghton, J. T., McCarthy, J. J., & Metz, B. (2002) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20033020 · Cited by 12,889
Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records
Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L., Michel, E., Duplessy, J. C., McManus, J. F., Lambeck, K., Balbon, E., & Labracherie, M. (2002) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(01)00101-9 · Cited by 2,213
Müller, G., Pannhorst, W., & Schiffner, U. (1995) · Schott Series on Glass and Glass Ceramics · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03083-7_2 · Cited by 1,982
A 20th century acceleration in global sea‐level rise
Church, J. A., & White, N. J. (2006) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2005gl024826 · Cited by 1,595
Surface Melt-Induced Acceleration of Greenland Ice-Sheet Flow
Zwally, H. J., Abdalati, W., Herring, T., Larson, K., Saba, J., & Steffen, K. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1072708 · Cited by 1,100
A closer look at United States and global surface temperature change
Hansen, J., Ruedy, R., Sato, M., Imhoff, M., Lawrence, W., Easterling, D., Peterson, T., & Karl, T. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jd000354 · Cited by 580
Low sea level rise projections from mountain glaciers and icecaps under global warming
Raper, S. C. B., & Braithwaite, R. J. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04448 · Cited by 301
Joint investigations of the Middle Pliocene climate I: PRISM paleoenvironmental reconstructions
Dowsett, H. J., Thompson, R. S., Barron, J. A., Cronin, T. M., Fleming, F., Ishman, S. E., Poore, R. Z., Willard, D. A., & Holtz, T. R. (1994) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/0921-8181(94)90015-9 · Cited by 193
How cold was the Last Glacial Maximum?
Schneider von Deimling, T., Ganopolski, A., Held, H., & Rahmstorf, S. (2006) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2006gl026484 · Cited by 162
Self-citationMontoya, M., Griesel, A., Levermann, A., Mignot, J., Hofmann, M., Ganopolski, A., & Rahmstorf, S. (2005) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0044-1 · Cited by 100
Self-citation
Cited by
The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature
Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J., & McNeill, J. R. (2007) · AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment · doi:10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:taahno]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 3,487
Managing the health effects of climate change
Costello, A., Abbas, M., Allen, A., Ball, S., Bell, S., Bellamy, R., Friel, S., Groce, N., Johnson, A., Kett, M., et al. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60935-1 · Cited by 3,102
A global ranking of port cities with high exposure to climate extremes
Hanson, S., Nicholls, R., Ranger, N., Hallegatte, S., Corfee-Morlot, J., Herweijer, C., & Chateau, J. (2011) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9977-4 · Cited by 760
Sea-level rise and its possible impacts given a ‘beyond 4°C world’ in the twenty-first century
Nicholls, R. J., Marinova, N., Lowe, J. A., Brown, S., Vellinga, P., de Gusmão, D., Hinkel, J., & Tol, R. S. J. (2011) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0291 · Cited by 555
Potential climate-change impacts on the Chesapeake Bay.
Najjar, R. G., Pyke, C. R., Adams, M. B., Breitburg, D., Hershner, C., Kemp, M., Howarth, R., Mulholland, M. R., Paolisso, M., Secor, D., et al. (2010) · Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science · doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.026 · Cited by 528
Metadata
- Authors
- Rahmstorf, S.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2007-01-19
- Volume
- 315
- Issue
- 5810
- Pages
- 368-370
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2050338614
- Cited by
- 1,644
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 68.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Semi-Empirical Approach to Projecting Future Sea-Level Rise. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1135456
- The paper
- Rahmstorf, S. (2007). A Semi-Empirical Approach to Projecting Future Sea-Level Rise. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1135456
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.