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Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification
Open accessAbstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is expected to exceed 500 parts per million and global temperatures to rise by at least 2°C by 2050 to 2100, values that significantly exceed those of at least the past 420,000 years during which most extant marine organisms evolved. Under conditions expected in the 21st century, global warming and ocean acidification will compromise carbonate accretion, with corals becoming increasingly rare on reef systems. The result will be less diverse reef communities and carbonate reef structures that fail to be maintained. Climate change also exacerbates local stresses from declining water quality and overexploitation of key species, driving reefs increasingly toward the tipping point for functional collapse. This review presents future scenarios for coral reefs that predict increasingly serious consequences for reef-associated fisheries, tourism, coastal protection, and people. As the International Year of the Reef 2008 begins, scaled-up management intervention and decisive action on global emissions are required if the loss of coral-dominated ecosystems is to be avoided.
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“This may combine with other stresses, such as global warming, to drive tropical coral reefs towards functional collapse 8 .”
From Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification (2008) · cites this paper as [8]
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“Organisms with aragonite skeletons were common outside the vents (for example, Halimeda algae and the corals Caryophyllia, Cladocora and Balanophyllia) but were absent at mean V arag # 2.5 (minimum V arag 0.8-1.2),providing in situ support for predictions of global coral reef dissolution at these concentrations 8 .”
From Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification (2008) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Mumby, P. J., Hooten, A. J., Steneck, R. S., Greenfield, P., Gomez, E., Harvell, C. D., Sale, P. F., Edwards, A. J., Caldeira, K., Knowlton, N., Eakin, C. M., Iglesias-Prieto, R., Muthiga, N., Bradbury, R. H., Dubi, A., & Hatziolos, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Marine Studies, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia.
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2007-12-14
- Volume
- 318
- Issue
- 5857
- Pages
- 1737-1742
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2123920115
- Cited by
- 5,885
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 178 · 2025: 256 · 2024: 279 · 2023: 296 · 2022: 301 · 2021: 344 · 2020: 340 · 2019: 395 · 2018: 379 · 2017: 463 · 2016: 361 · 2015: 343 · 2014: 367 · 2013: 366 · 2012: 318
- FWCI
- 21.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) (acceptedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Smithsonian Digital Repository (Smithsonian Institution) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- Natural Environment Research Council (NE/E00606X/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Earth-Surface Processes › Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Keywords
- coral reefs, climate change, ocean acidification, global warming, reef biodiversity, reef fisheries, reef tourism, coastal protection, CO2 emissions, reef management
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Atmosphere, Carbon Dioxide, Climate, Dinoflagellida, Fishes, Forecasting, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Oceans and Seas, Seawater, Temperature, Greenhouse Effect, Ecosystem, Anthozoa, Eukaryota
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