Cited by 260Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsOrigins and Evolution of LifeGeological and Geochemical Analysis

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Isotopic Evidence for an Aerobic Nitrogen Cycle in the Latest Archean

Garvin, Jessica, Buick, Roger, Anbar, Ariel D., Arnold, Gail L., Kaufman, Alan J.·2009·Science

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Abstract

The nitrogen cycle provides essential nutrients to the biosphere, but its antiquity in modern form is unclear. In a drill core though homogeneous organic-rich shale in the 2.5-billion-year-old Mount McRae Shale, Australia, nitrogen isotope values vary from +1.0 to +7.5 per mil (per thousand) and back to +2.5 per thousand over approximately 30 meters. These changes evidently record a transient departure from a largely anaerobic to an aerobic nitrogen cycle complete with nitrification and denitrification. Complementary molybdenum abundance and sulfur isotopic values suggest that nitrification occurred in response to a small increase in surface-ocean oxygenation. These data imply that nitrifying and denitrifying microbes had already evolved by the late Archean and were present before oxygen first began to accumulate in the atmosphere.

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Authors: Garvin, J., Buick, R., Anbar, A. D., Arnold, G. L., & Kaufman, A. J.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Buick, Roger
ORCID: Buick, Roger
Anbar, Ariel D.
Arnold, Gail L.
Kaufman, Alan J.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2009-02-20
Volume: 323
Issue: 5917
Pages: 1045-1048
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1165675
OpenAlex: W2000496027
Cited by: 260
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 13.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
Keywords: nitrogen cycling, Archean, nitrogen isotopes, nitrification, denitrification, molybdenum, sulfur isotopes, ocean oxygenation, organic-rich shale, rock core
MeSH terms: Aerobiosis, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, Anaerobiosis, Archaea, Australia, Bacteria, Biological Evolution, Nitrates, Nitrites, Nitrogen, Nitrogen Fixation, Nitrogen Isotopes, Oceans and Seas, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygen, Time, Geologic Sediments

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Isotopic Evidence for an Aerobic Nitrogen Cycle in the Latest Archean

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