The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Persistent Positive North Atlantic Oscillation Mode Dominated the Medieval Climate Anomaly
Abstract
The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) was the most recent pre-industrial era warm interval of European climate, yet its driving mechanisms remain uncertain. We present here a 947-year-long multidecadal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) reconstruction and find a persistent positive NAO during the MCA. Supplementary reconstructions based on climate model results and proxy data indicate a clear shift to weaker NAO conditions into the Little Ice Age (LIA). Globally distributed proxy data suggest that this NAO shift is one aspect of a global MCA-LIA climate transition that probably was coupled to prevailing La Niña–like conditions amplified by an intensified Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the MCA.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Mangini, A., Spötl, C., & Verdes, P. (2005) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.05.010 · Cited by 294
Cited by
Long-term perspective on wildfires in the western USA
Marlon, J. R., Bartlein, P. J., Gavin, D. G., Long, C. J., Anderson, R. S., Briles, C. E., Brown, K. J., Colombaroli, D., Hallett, D. J., Power, M. J., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1112839109 · Cited by 629
A signal-to-noise paradox in climate science
Scaife, A. A., & Smith, D. (2018) · npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · doi:10.1038/s41612-018-0038-4 · Cited by 411
A model-tested North Atlantic Oscillation reconstruction for the past millennium
Ortega, P., Lehner, F., Swingedouw, D., Masson-Delmotte, V., Raible, C. C., Casado, M., & Yiou, P. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14518 · Cited by 349
Reconstructed changes in Arctic sea ice over the past 1,450 years
Kinnard, C., Zdanowicz, C. M., Fisher, D. A., Isaksson, E., de Vernal, A., & Thompson, L. G. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10581 · Cited by 342
The Climate of Rebellion in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire
White, S. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511844058 · Cited by 332
Metadata
- Authors
- Trouet, V., Esper, J., Graham, N. E., Baker, A., Scourse, J. D., & Frank, D. C.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2009-04-03
- Volume
- 324
- Issue
- 5923
- Pages
- 78-80
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2034795620
- Cited by
- 1,073
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 49.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Persistent Positive North Atlantic Oscillation Mode Dominated the Medieval Climate Anomaly. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1166349
- The paper
- Trouet, V., Esper, J., Graham, N. E., Baker, A., Scourse, J. D., & Frank, D. C. (2009). Persistent Positive North Atlantic Oscillation Mode Dominated the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1166349
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
