The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Optical Images of an Exosolar Planet 25 Light-Years from Earth
Open accessAbstract
Fomalhaut, a bright star 7.7 parsecs (25 light-years) from Earth, harbors a belt of cold dust with a structure consistent with gravitational sculpting by an orbiting planet. Here, we present optical observations of an exoplanet candidate, Fomalhaut b. Fomalhaut b lies about 119 astronomical units (AU) from the star and 18 AU of the dust belt, matching predictions of its location. Hubble Space Telescope observations separated by 1.73 years reveal counterclockwise orbital motion. Dynamical models of the interaction between the planet and the belt indicate that the planet's mass is at most three times that of Jupiter; a higher mass would lead to gravitational disruption of the belt, matching predictions of its location. The flux detected at 0.8 μm is also consistent with that of a planet with mass no greater than a few times that of Jupiter. The brightness at 0.6 μm and the lack of detection at longer wavelengths suggest that the detected flux may include starlight reflected off a circumplanetary disk, with dimension comparable to the orbits of the Galilean satellites. We also observe variability of unknown origin at 0.6 μm.
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In the citing paper
“While the detected object is in orbit about Fomalhaut, its color is consistent with that of reflected light from the star.”
From PLANETARY CONSTRUCTION ZONES IN OCCULTATION: DISCOVERY OF AN EXTRASOLAR RING SYSTEM TRANSITING A YOUNG SUN-LIKE STAR AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR DETECTING ECLIPSES BY CIRCUMSECONDARY AND CIRCUMPLANETARY DISKS (2012) · cites this paper as Kalas et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“The planet Fomalhaut b has been detected in two visible bands only (Kalas et al. 2008).”
From PLANETARY CONSTRUCTION ZONES IN OCCULTATION: DISCOVERY OF AN EXTRASOLAR RING SYSTEM TRANSITING A YOUNG SUN-LIKE STAR AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR DETECTING ECLIPSES BY CIRCUMSECONDARY AND CIRCUMPLANETARY DISKS (2012) · cites this paper as Kalas et al. 2008
In the citing paper
“These observations led Kalas et al. to suggest that the planet hosts a circumplanetary ring akin to Saturn's (see Arnold & Schneider 2004), which would extend to at least 20 Jupiter radii for an assumed albedo of 0.4 to recover the observed fluxes.”
From PLANETARY CONSTRUCTION ZONES IN OCCULTATION: DISCOVERY OF AN EXTRASOLAR RING SYSTEM TRANSITING A YOUNG SUN-LIKE STAR AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR DETECTING ECLIPSES BY CIRCUMSECONDARY AND CIRCUMPLANETARY DISKS (2012) · cites this paper as Kalas et al. 2008
Citations
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A planetary system as the origin of structure in Fomalhaut's dust belt
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Items 801–837 of 837
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Kaltenegger, L., & Selsis, F. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1482-2
Rouan, D. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_557-2
The Naming of Extrasolar Planets
Hessman, F. V. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_193-1
Rehder, D. (2010) · doi:10.1002/9783527631605.ch6
Kalas, P. (2015) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_396
Self-citationKuchner, M. J., & Haghighipour, N. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_1845-3
Halleý, J. W. (2012) · SpringerBriefs in astronomy · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22754-7_3
Kalas, P. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_396-3
Self-citationFuture Exoplanet Research: Science Questions and How to Address Them
Schneider, J. L. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_163-2
Additional evidence that Fomalhaut b might be a non-exoplanet
Vecchio, A. D., & Stone, J. R. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slac098
Kalas, P. (2023) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_396
Self-citationRouan, D. (2023) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_557
Habitable Planet, Characterization
Kaltenegger, L., & Selsis, F. (2023) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_1482
Kuchner, M. J., & Haghighipour, N. (2023) · Encyclopedia of Astrobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_1845
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The Naming of Extrasolar Planets
Hessman, F. V. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_193-2
Brown Dwarfs and Free-Floating Planets in Young Stellar Clusters
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Fomalhaut’s Dusty Debris Belts and Eccentric Planet Candidate
Kalas, P. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_38-2
Self-citationAvsar, A., Wagner, K., Apai, D., Stark, C. C., & Rebollido, I. (2026) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae4eb9
Characterize planetary systems of nearby active red dwarfs with SPIRou
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Searching for Planets around Altair with JWST/NIRcam
Meshkat, T., Beichman, C., Llop-Sayson, J. D., Bryden, G., Greenbaum, A. Z., Mamajek, E. E., Ygouf, M., Girard, J. H., Leisenring, J., Sanghi, A., et al. (2026) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aeac14
Characterizing young debris disks through far-infrared and optical observations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kalas, P., Graham, J. R., Chiang, E., Fitzgerald, M. P., Clampin, M., Kite, E. S., Stapelfeldt, K., Marois, C., & Krist, J.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kalas, Paul
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2008-11-28
- Volume
- 322
- Issue
- 5906
- Pages
- 1345-1348
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2024605337
- Cited by
- 840
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 89 · 2012: 84
- FWCI
- 59.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Keywords
- Fomalhaut b, exoplanet detection, Fomalhaut, debris disks, gravitational perturbations, orbital motion, planet mass limits, circumplanetary disks, reflected starlight, optical photometry, Hubble Space Telescope, dynamic modeling
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