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Stages in adolescent involvement in drug use
Abstract
Two longitudinal surveys based on random samples of high school students in New York State indicate four stages in the sequence of involvement with drugs: beer or wine, or both; cigarettes or hard liquor; marihuana; and other illicit drugs. The legal drugs are necessary intermediates between nonuse and marihuana. Whereas 27 percent of high school students who smoke and drink progress to marihuana within a 5- to 6-month follow-up period, only 2 percent of those who have not used any legal substance do so. Marihuana, in turn, is a crucial step on the way to other illicit drugs. While 26 percent of marihuana users progress to LSD, amphetamines, or heroin, only 1 percent of nondrug marihuana users and 4 percent of legal drug users do so. This sequence is found in each of the 4 years in high school and in the year after graduation. The reverse sequence holds for regression in drug use.
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Citations
Cited by
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Nagin, D. S., & Odgers, C. L. (2010) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131413 · Cited by 2,708
Analyzing developmental trajectories: A semiparametric, group-based approach.
Nagin, D. S. (1999) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.4.2.139 · Cited by 2,346
Kandel, D. B., Yamaguchi, K., & Chen, K. (1992) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1992.53.447 · Cited by 1,039
Self-citationThe smoking problem: A review of the research and theory in behavioral risk modification.
Leventhal, H., & Cleary, P. D. (1980) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.88.2.370 · Cited by 772
Wagner, F. (2002) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(01)00367-0 · Cited by 739
Metadata
- Authors
- Kandel, D.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1975-11-28
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 4217
- Pages
- 912-914
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2075508629
- Cited by
- 1,091
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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