Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 724

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles

Open access
Lima, Márcio D., Li, Na, Jung de Andrade, Mônica, Fang, Shaoli, Oh, Jiyoung, Spinks, Geoffrey M., Kozlov, Mikhail E., Haines, Carter S., Suh, Dongseok, Foroughi, Javad, Kim, Seon Jeong, Chen, Yongsheng, Ware, Taylor, Shin, Min Kyoon, Machado, Leonardo D., Fonseca, Alexandre F., Madden, John D. W., Voit, Walter E., Galvão, Douglas S., Baughman, Ray H.·2012·Science

Abstract

Nanotube Yarn Actuators: Actuators are used to convert heat, light, or electricity into a twisting or tensile motion, and are often described as artificial muscles. Most materials that show actuation either provide larger forces with small-amplitude motions, such as the alloy NiTi, or provide larger motions with much less force, such as polymeric materials. Other problems with such actuators can include slow response times and short lifetimes. Lima et al. (p. 928 , see the Perspective by Schulz ) show that a range of guest-filled, twist-spun carbon nanotube yarns can be used for linear or torsional actuation, can solve the problems of speed and lifetime, and do not require electrolytes for operation.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.1226762

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 724

Metadata

Authors
Lima, M. D., Li, N., Jung de Andrade, M., Fang, S., Oh, J., Spinks, G. M., Kozlov, M. E., Haines, C. S., Suh, D., Foroughi, J., Kim, S. J., Chen, Y., Ware, T., Shin, M. K., Machado, L. D., Fonseca, A. F., Madden, J. D. W., Voit, W. E., Galvão, D. S., & Baughman, R. H.
Venue
Science
Published
2012-11-16
Volume
338
Issue
6109
Pages
928-932
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2091670031
Cited by
724
References
0
FWCI
19.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1226762
The paper
Lima, M. D., Li, N., Jung de Andrade, M., Fang, S., Oh, J., Spinks, G. M., Kozlov, M. E., Haines, C. S., Suh, D., Foroughi, J., Kim, S. J., Chen, Y., Ware, T., Shin, M. K., Machado, L. D., Fonseca, A. F., Madden, J. D. W., Voit, W. E., Galvão, D. S., & Baughman, R. H. (2012). Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1226762

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.