Strain-programmable fiber-based artificial muscle
Open accessAbstract
Getting the most out of muscles: Materials that convert electrical, chemical, or thermal energy into a shape change can be used to form artificial muscles. Such materials include bimetallic strips or host-guest materials or coiled fibers or yarns (see the Perspective by Tawfick and Tang). Kanik et al. developed a polymer bimorph structure from an elastomer and a semicrystalline polymer where the difference in thermal expansion enabled thermally actuated artificial muscles. Iterative cold stretching of clad fibers could be used to tailor the dimensions and mechanical response, making it simple to produce hundreds of meters of coiled fibers. Mu et al. describe carbon nanotube yarns in which the volume-changing material is placed as a sheath outside the twisted or coiled fiber. This configuration can double the work capacity of tensile muscles. Yuan et al. produced polymer fiber torsional actuators with the ability to store energy that could be recovered on heating. Twisting mechanical deformation was applied to the fibers above the glass transition temperature and then stored via rapid quenching. Science , this issue p. 145 , p. 150 , p. 155 ; see also p. 125
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The term tendon driven is generic because the tendon can be powered by many sources, such as shape memory alloys, shape memory polymers, and thermo-responsive polymers.
“The name is a generic term, because the “tendon” can be powered by many sources, such as shape memory alloys (SMAs),[479] SMPs,[480] and thermo-responsive polymers[481].”
From Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human–Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics (2022) · cites this paper as [479]
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- Authors
- Kanik, M., Orguc, S., Varnavides, G., Kim, J., Benavides, T., Gonzalez, D., Akintilo, T., Tasan, C. C., Chandrakasan, A. P., Fink, Y., & Anikeeva, P.
- Affiliations
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Orguc, Sirma
- Anikeeva, Polina
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2019-07-12
- Volume
- 365
- Issue
- 6449
- Pages
- 145-150
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC7262675
- OpenAlex
- W2958452288
- Cited by
- 468
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 30.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (DMR-1419807, EEC-1028725)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (5R01NS086804)
- Simons Foundation (Simons fellowship)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Dielectric materials and actuators
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Soft Robotics and Applications
- Keywords
- artificial muscles, semicrystalline polymers, elastomers, carbon nanotube yarns, torsional actuator, shape memory polymers, energy storage, glass transition temperature, torsional deformation
- MeSH terms
- Carbon Fiber, Artificial Organs, Biomedical Engineering, Robotics, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Prostheses and Implants, Polymethyl Methacrylate
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