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Extinctions of aculeate pollinators in Britain and the role of large-scale agricultural changes
Open accessAbstract
Pollinators are fundamental to maintaining both biodiversity and agricultural productivity, but habitat destruction, loss of flower resources, and increased use of pesticides are causing declines in their abundance and diversity. Using historical records, we assessed the rate of extinction of bee and flower-visiting wasp species in Britain from the mid-19th century to the present. The most rapid phase of extinction appears to be related to changes in agricultural policy and practice beginning in the 1920s, before the agricultural intensification prompted by the Second World War, often cited as the most important driver of biodiversity loss in Britain. Slowing of the extinction rate from the 1960s onward may be due to prior loss of the most sensitive species and/or effective conservation programs.
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“Current data suggest an overall pattern of decline in insect diversity and abundance.”
From More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
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“Data for other well-studied taxa such as bees [8–14] and moths [15–18] suggest the same trend.”
From More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas (2017) · cites this paper as [13]
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Anthropogenic climate and land-use change drive short- and long-term biodiversity shifts across taxa
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Pollen diets and niche overlap of honey bees and native bees in protected areas
Elliott, B. B., Wilson, R. S., Shapcott, A., Keller, A., Newis, R., Cannizzaro, C., Burwell, C. J., Smith, T. J., Leonhardt, S. D., Kämper, W., et al. (2020) · Basic and Applied Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.baae.2020.12.002 · Cited by 74
Redhead, J. W., Woodcock, B. A., Pocock, M. J. O., Pywell, R. F., Vanbergen, A. J., & Oliver, T. H. (2018) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13157 · Cited by 71
“1 Pinheiro et al. 2015).”
Raimets, R., Karise, R., Mänd, M., Kaart, T., Ponting, S., Song, J., & Cresswell, J. (2017) · Pest Management Science · doi:10.1002/ps.4756 · Cited by 74
“2 Exposure to agrochemicals In order to test for synergistic interactions between the fungicide and a single insecticide, each experiment comprised four treatments: (1) undosed controls; (2) fungicide alone; (3) insecticide alone; and (4) fungicide-insecticide mixture.”
MethodThe importance of traditional agricultural landscapes for preventing species extinctions
Eriksson, O. (2021) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-021-02145-3 · Cited by 76
Bumble bee (Bombus) distribution and diversity in Vermont, USA: a century of change
Richardson, L. L., McFarland, K. P., Zahendra, S., & Hardy, S. P. (2018) · Journal of Insect Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10841-018-0113-5 · Cited by 69
Herrmann, J., Buchholz, S., & Theodorou, P. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-29275-8 · Cited by 66
Pollinators in life cycle assessment: towards a framework for impact assessment
Crenna, E., Sala, S., Polce, C., & Collina, E. M. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.058 · Cited by 66
“Natural and seminatural habitats have been deteriorated, with negative consequences for pollinators and their services (Burkle et al., 2013; Gonzalez-Varo et al., 2013; Kluser et al., 2010; Lautenbach et al., 2011; Ollerton et al., 2014; VanEngelsdorp and Meixner, 2010; Winfree et al., 2009).”
BackgroundEeraerts, M., Berge, S. V. D., Proesmans, W., Verheyen, K., Smagghe, G. J., & Meeus, I. (2021) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-021-01220-y · Cited by 64
Complementary crops and landscape features sustain wild bee communities
Martins, K. T., Albert, C. H., Lechowicz, M. J., & Gonzalez, A. (2018) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.1713 · Cited by 65
“Indeed, the replacement of natural areas by croplands less hospitable to pollinators (e.g., monocultures) means that there is less floral forage over shorter periods (Ollerton et al. 2014, Scheper et al. 2014).”
BackgroundBreakpoints in butterfly decline in Central Europe over the last century
Habel, J. C., Schmitt, T., Gros, P., & Ulrich, W. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158315 · Cited by 63
Christen, V., Krebs, J., & Fent, K. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.056 · Cited by 60
Diet characterisation of solitary bees on farmland: dietary specialisation predicts rarity
Wood, T. J., Holland, J. M., & Goulson, D. (2016) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-016-1191-x · Cited by 59
“As more specialised bees are de facto less flexible in their dietary choices, the loss of floristic diversity resulting from agricultural intensification is likely to be the main driver behind their range declines over the past century (Scheper et al. 2014; Ollerton et al. 2014).”
BackgroundLong‐term effects of global change on occupancy and flight period of wild bees in Belgium
Duchenne, F., Thébault, É., Michez, D., Gérard, M., Devaux, C., Rasmont, P., Vereecken, N. J., & Fontaine, C. (2020) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15379 · Cited by 58
“These patterns are consistent with the few studies using time series to describe European bee population trends (Ollerton et al., 2014; Powney et al., 2019), and mean flight date shifts (Bartomeus et al., 2011; Duchenne et al., 2020).”
ResultAn assessment of historical and contemporary diet breadth in polylectic Andrena bee species
Wood, T. J., & Roberts, S. P. M. (2017) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2017.09.009 · Cited by 60
Thunnissen, N. W., Lautz, L. S., van Schaik, T. W. G., & Hendriks, A. J. (2020) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126604 · Cited by 60
“Recent declines of insects’ biomass have been a major point of interest in biology, because of adverse effects on ecosystem functioning (Conrad et al., 2006; Walpole et al., 2009; Ollerton et al., 2014; Hallmann et al., 2017).”
BackgroundEscobedo‐Kenefic, N., Landaverde‐González, P., Theodorou, P., Cardona, E., Dardón, M. J., Martínez, O., & Domínguez, C. A. (2020) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04715-8 · Cited by 57
The Butterflies of Barro Colorado Island, Panama: Local Extinction since the 1930s
Basset, Y., Barrios, H., Segar, S. T., Srygley, R. B., Aiello, A., WARREN, A. D., Delgado, F. S., Coronado-Rivera, J., Lezcano, J., Arizala, S., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136623 · Cited by 60
“Other studies documenting insect extinctions also considered 20 years with no recorded sightings as an adequate period after which a species can be considered as extinct [52].”
BackgroundPascher, K., Švara, V., & Jungmeier, M. (2022) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d14060463 · Cited by 58
Palma, A. D., Kuhlmann, M. T., Bugter, R. J. F., Ferrier, S., Hoskins, A. J., Potts, S. G., Roberts, S. P. M., Schweiger, O., & Purvis, A. (2017) · Diversity and Distributions · doi:10.1111/ddi.12638 · Cited by 50
“These sites are likely to show some shift in diversity relative to the past, due to human activities both inside and around these sites; for example, many pollinator species have already been driven to regional extinction by human activities (Ollerton, Erenler, Edwards, & Crockett, 2014).”
Importance of forest fragments as pollinator habitat varies with season and guild
Proesmans, W., Bonte, D., Smagghe, G. J., Meeus, I., & Verheyen, K. (2018) · Basic and Applied Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.baae.2018.08.004 · Cited by 53
Gathof, A. K., Grossmann, A. J., Herrmann, J., & Buchholz, S. (2022) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05174-z · Cited by 52
Fent, K., Schmid, M., Hettich, T., & Schmid, S. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115297 · Cited by 52
Population Genomics for Insect Conservation
Webster, M. T., Beaurepaire, A., Neumann, P., & Stolle, E. (2022) · Annual Review of Animal Biosciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-122221-075025 · Cited by 63
Biella, P., Ollerton, J., Barcella, M., & Assini, S. P. (2017) · Community Ecology · doi:10.1556/168.2017.18.1.1 · Cited by 51
“…interactions could be disrupted by a range of factors including climate change (e.g., Hegland et al. 2009), land use alteration and changes in agriculture practices (e.g., Ollerton et al. 2014), lack of flower diversity, and increasing pathogens and pesticides (e.g., Goulson et al. 2015).”
BackgroundSelf-citationEffects of future agricultural change scenarios on beneficial insects
Redhead, J. W., Powney, G. D., Woodcock, B. A., & Pywell, R. F. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110550 · Cited by 50
“Scenarios of land cover change Our results show that gains in agricultural production from increases in the area of agricultural land are likely to be accompanied by widespread detrimental impacts on beneficial insect species richness, in line with well-known detrimental impacts of conversion of semi-natural grassland…”
BackgroundWignall, V. R., Brolly, M., Uthoff, C., Norton, K. E., Chipperfield, H. M., Balfour, N. J., & Ratnieks, F. L. W. (2020) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/s00265-020-02924-y · Cited by 50
Tasteless pesticides affect bees in the field
Raıne, N. E., & Gill, R. J. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14391 · Cited by 49
Sonne, J., González, A. M. M., Maruyama, P. K., Sandel, B., Vizentin‐Bugoni, J., Schleuning, M., Abrahamczyk, S., Alarcón, R., Araujo, A. C., de Araújo, F. P., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2512 · Cited by 48
“Our results also have implications for conservation of species engaged in mutualistic associations, especially as anthropogenic activity may impact mutualistic interactions [74], and cause pollinator and linked plant extinctions [75,76].”
The Canary in the Coalmine; Bee Declines as an Indicator of Environmental Health
Goulson, D., & Nicholls, E. (2016) · Science Progress · doi:10.3184/003685016x14685000479908 · Cited by 48
Metadata
- Authors
- Ollerton, J., Erenler, H., Edwards, M., & Crockett, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Northampton (GB)
- Miyagi Prefecture Fisheries Technology Institute (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Ollerton, Jeff
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2014-12-12
- Volume
- 346
- Issue
- 6215
- Pages
- 1360-1362
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2081986770
- Cited by
- 431
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 24
- FWCI
- 29.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- public-domain
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NECTAR - Northampton Electronic Collection of Thesis and Research (University of Northampton) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- NECTAR - Northampton Electronic Collection of Thesis and Research (University of Northampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant and animal studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Keywords
- aculeate wasps, bees, agricultural intensification, agricultural policy change, pesticide use, habitat loss, historical documents, extinction rates, pollinator conservation, Great Britain
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Animals, Bees, United Kingdom, Pollen, Population Dynamics, Wasps, Linear Models, Flowers, Biodiversity, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Extinction, Biological, Pollination
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