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Neurexins: Synaptic Cell Surface Proteins Related to the α-Latrotoxin Receptor and Laminin
Abstract
A family of highly polymorphic neuronal cell surface proteins, the neurexins, has been identified. At least two genes for neurexins exist. Each gene uses alternative promoters and multiple variably spliced exons to potentially generate more than a 100 different neurexin transcripts. The neurexins were discovered by the identification of one member of the family as the receptor for α-latrotoxin. This toxin is a component of the venom from black widow spiders; it binds to presynaptic nerve terminals and triggers massive neurotransmitter release. Neurexins contain single transmembrane regions and extracellular domains with repeated sequences similar to sequences in laminin A, slit, and agrin, proteins that have been implicated in axon guidance and synaptogenesis. An antibody to neurexin I showed highly concentrated immunoreactivity at the synapse. The polymorphic structure of the neurexins, their neural localization, and their sequence similarity to proteins associated with neurogenesis suggest a function as cell recognition molecules in the nerve terminal.
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Cites
The precursor of Alzheimer's disease amyloid A4 protein resembles a cell-surface receptor
Kang, J., Lemaire, H.-G., Unterbeck, A., Salbaum, J. M., Masters, C. L., Grzeschik, K.-H., Multhaup, G., Beyreuther, K., & Müller-Hill, B. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/325733a0 · Cited by 4,619
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Neuroligins and neurexins link synaptic function to cognitive disease
Südhof, T. C. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07456 · Cited by 1,849
Self-citationNeuroligin Expressed in Nonneuronal Cells Triggers Presynaptic Development in Contacting Axons
Scheiffele, P., Fan, J., Choih, J., Fetter, R., & Serafini, T. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80877-6 · Cited by 1,218
A Transcriptively Active Complex of APP with Fe65 and Histone Acetyltransferase Tip60
Cao, X., & Südhof, T. C. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1058783 · Cited by 1,202
A Neuroligin-3 Mutation Implicated in Autism Increases Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Mice
Tabuchi, K., Blundell, J., Etherton, M. R., Hammer, R. E., Liu, X., Powell, C. M., & Südhof, T. C. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1146221 · Cited by 997
Synaptic Neurexin Complexes: A Molecular Code for the Logic of Neural Circuits
Südhof, T. C. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.024 · Cited by 810
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ushkaryov, Y. A., Petrenko, A. G., Geppert, M., & Südhof, T. C.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1992-07-03
- Volume
- 257
- Issue
- 5066
- Pages
- 50-56
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2080324921
- Cited by
- 686
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 13.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Ushkaryov, Y. A., Petrenko, A. G., Geppert, M., & Südhof, T. C. (1992). Neurexins: Synaptic Cell Surface Proteins Related to the α-Latrotoxin Receptor and Laminin. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1621094
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